The two-factor employee theory of motivation was given by?

AIIMS BBSR SNO - 2019

Nursing Management & leadership

Easy

Appeared in: AIIMS BBSR SNO - 2019

Explanation

The two-factor theory, also known as the Motivation-Hygiene Theory, was proposed by psychologist Frederick Herzberg.
This theory distinguishes between two sets of factors that influence job satisfaction and dissatisfaction in the workplace.
Motivators (Intrinsic Factors): These factors are related to the job itself and lead to positive job satisfaction. They include achievement, recognition, responsibility, and personal growth.
Hygiene Factors (Extrinsic Factors): These factors are related to the work environment. Their absence causes dissatisfaction, but their presence does not necessarily motivate. They include salary, company policy, working conditions, and job security.

Option B: Maslow is famous for his 'Hierarchy of Needs' theory, which outlines a five-tier model of human needs.
Option C: Alderfer developed the ERG (Existence, Relatedness, and Growth) theory, which is a modification and simplification of Maslow's hierarchy.
Option D: Vroom is known for the 'Expectancy Theory' of motivation, which suggests that individuals are motivated to act based on their expectations of the outcomes of their behavior.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Theories of Motivation in Management as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nurse managers can use the two-factor theory to improve staff retention and performance. Ensuring hygiene factors (like fair pay and safe working conditions) are met prevents dissatisfaction.
To actively boost morale and performance, managers should focus on motivators like recognizing achievements, providing opportunities for professional development, and increasing clinical autonomy.
This theory helps differentiate between what keeps nurses from leaving a job (hygiene factors) and what makes them feel fulfilled and want to excel in their role (motivators).

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core concept in the question, which is the 'two-factor employee theory of motivation'.
This is a factual recall question that requires knowledge of major management and motivation theories.
Systematically review the options, trying to associate each theorist with their primary contribution.
Recall or deduce that Herzberg is associated with the 'Motivation-Hygiene' or 'two-factor' theory.
Eliminate the other options by correctly pairing them with their respective theories: Maslow (Hierarchy of Needs), Alderfer (ERG Theory), and Vroom (Expectancy Theory).

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Principles and Practice of NURSING Management Leadership for BSc Nursing 3rd Edi Jogindra Vati — Subpart B (pp 340-678 of 1017) p. 201-203

E6 Nursing_Management_and_leadership_Johny_Kutty_JosephCbs_Publishers (pp 16-364 of 374) pp. 216-218, 217-219