CIP Ranchi 2023
Medical & Surgical Nursing
Easy
— is an injury caused by moist heat like steam, boiling liquids, etc.
Appeared in: CIP Ranchi 2023
Explanation
- A scald is the specific medical term for a burn injury caused by contact with moist heat.
- Moist heat sources include boiling water, hot liquids (like coffee or soup), and steam.
- The term 'scald' precisely differentiates this type of thermal injury from those caused by dry heat, such as fire or contact with a hot object.
- According to medical literature, scalds are particularly common in young children.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option B: While a scald is a type of burn, 'burn' is a general term. It can be caused by dry heat (fire), chemicals, electricity, or radiation. The question asks for the specific term for an injury from 'moist heat', making 'scald' the more precise and correct answer.
- Option C: A sprain is a musculoskeletal injury involving the stretching or tearing of ligaments, which connect bones at a joint. It is caused by physical trauma, such as twisting an ankle, and is unrelated to thermal energy.
- Option D: A cramp is a sudden, involuntary, and painful contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. It is typically caused by factors like dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, or muscle fatigue, not by external heat application.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: Knowing The concept tested is the specific terminology for different types of injuries, particularly the distinction between injuries caused by moist heat versus other causes helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
- Nurses must be able to accurately identify and document the cause of a burn, as it can influence treatment. Using the term 'scald' immediately communicates that the injury was from moist heat.
- First aid for scalds is critical. The immediate application of cool running water for up to 20 minutes can significantly reduce the severity of the injury by stopping the burning process in the deeper layers of the skin.
- Patient education is a key nursing role. Teaching families, especially those with young children, about the dangers of hot liquids (e.g., keeping pot handles turned inward on the stove, checking bathwater temperature) can prevent scald injuries.
How to Approach the Question
- First, analyze the question stem to identify the key defining phrase: 'injury caused by moist heat'.
- Note the examples given: 'steam, boiling liquids'. This confirms the type of heat source.
- Evaluate each option against this specific definition.
- Option A, 'Scald', is the specific term for a burn from moist heat.
- Option B, 'Burn', is a broader category. While technically correct, it is less precise than 'scald'. In multiple-choice questions, always choose the most specific and accurate answer.
- Options C ('Sprain') and D ('Cramp') describe musculoskeletal issues and are unrelated to thermal injuries. They can be eliminated immediately.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: The concept tested is the specific terminology for different types of injuries, particularly the distinction between injuries caused by moist heat versus other causes.
- Stem keywords: injury, moist heat, steam, boiling liquids
- Lead-in keywords: BEST, MOST RELEVANT CLUE
Question ID
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Reference Book
E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart C (pp 404-604 of 604) p. 83-85
E6 Pathology- ROBBINS & COTRAN PATHOLOGIC BASIS OF DISEASE 10TH Ed p. 433-435
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) p. 7972-7974
Practise the full CIP Ranchi 2023
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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