DSSSB 13 August 2024
Medical & Surgical Nursing
Easy
Which of the following correctly describes esotropia?
Appeared in: DSSSB 13 August 2024
Explanation
- Esotropia is defined as the inward deviation of one or both eyes toward the nose.
- The term originates from the Greek prefix 'eso-', which means 'inward,' and '-tropia,' which refers to a turn or deviation.
- This condition is a common form of strabismus (eye misalignment) and is often called 'crossed eyes.'.
- If left untreated in children, it can lead to amblyopia (lazy eye) as the brain suppresses the image from the misaligned eye.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option B: An outward turning of the eye is known as exotropia.
- Option C: A downward turning of the eye is known as hypotropia.
- Option D: An upward turning of the eye is known as hypertropia.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Types of Strabismus (Eye Misalignment) as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Early detection of any form of strabismus in children is critical for a nurse during pediatric assessments. Untreated strabismus can lead to permanent vision loss in the affected eye due to amblyopia.
- Nursing assessment includes observing the corneal light reflex (Hirschberg test) and performing the cover-uncover test to screen for eye misalignments.
- Patient education is vital. Nurses must explain to parents the importance of treatment, which may include glasses, eye patching, or surgery, to ensure compliance and prevent long-term complications.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the key term in the question, which is 'esotropia.'
- Break down the medical term into its root components. The prefix 'eso-' means 'inward.' The suffix '-tropia' refers to a deviation or turning of the eye.
- Combine the meanings: 'eso-' + '-tropia' = inward turning of the eye.
- Evaluate the given options based on this definition.
- Option A, 'Eye turns inwards,' directly matches the definition of esotropia.
- Recall the terms for other deviations to confirm the incorrectness of the other options: exotropia (outward), hypotropia (downward), and hypertropia (upward).
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Types of Strabismus (Eye Misalignment)
- Stem keywords: esotropia, describes
- Lead-in keywords: correctly
- Negative lead-in flag: false
Question ID
QD1vGqr8bDgMIdWlcJy68a
Reference Book
E6 Ghai Essential Pediatrics(pp 26-904 of 913) p. 707-709
E6 Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics(2024) — Volume 2 p. 1733-1735
Practise the full DSSSB 13 August 2024
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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