DSSSB 13 August 2024
Mental Health Nursing
Easy
The concept of therapeutic community was first developed by:
Appeared in: DSSSB 13 August 2024
Explanation
- Maxwell Jones, a British psychiatrist, is credited with developing the concept of the 'therapeutic community' in the early 1950s.
- This model was a significant shift in psychiatric care, moving away from purely custodial models.
- It emphasizes using the entire social structure of a treatment setting (the 'milieu') as a therapeutic agent.
- Key principles include patient participation, shared responsibility, and open communication between patients and staff to foster rehabilitation.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: Dorothea Orem developed the Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory, which focuses on the nurse's role in helping patients meet their own care needs.
- Option C: Dorothy Johnson is known for the Behavioral System Model, which views the person as a system of interrelated behavioral subsystems.
- Option D: Florence Nightingale is the founder of modern nursing and developed the Environmental Theory, which emphasizes the role of the physical environment in patient recovery.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Identification of the originator of the therapeutic community concept in psychiatric nursing as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- The principles of the therapeutic community are fundamental to modern psychiatric-mental health nursing, influencing practices like group therapy, patient government meetings, and creating a safe, structured, and supportive inpatient environment.
- Nurses are instrumental in maintaining the therapeutic milieu by fostering open communication, setting consistent limits, and encouraging patients to take an active role in their treatment.
- What if? If a psychiatric unit operates on a purely custodial model without therapeutic community principles, patient outcomes are likely to be poorer, with less development of coping skills and social functioning, and higher rates of rehospitalization.
How to Approach the Question
- This is a factual recall question that tests your knowledge of major nursing and psychiatric theories.
- First, identify the key concept in the question: 'therapeutic community'.
- Next, mentally review the major contributions of the theorists listed in the options.
- Associate 'therapeutic community' or 'milieu therapy' with Maxwell Jones.
- Differentiate this from the theories of Orem (Self-Care), Johnson (Behavioral System), and Nightingale (Environment) to confirm the correct answer.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Identification of the originator of the therapeutic community concept in psychiatric nursing.
- Stem keywords: therapeutic community, first developed
- Lead-in keywords: FIRST
- Clinical cues: The care setting changes urgency, monitoring level, and the expected nursing action.
Question ID
QnunJ01hWgU5dwDNe9luiI
Reference Book
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) p. 9644-9646
Practise the full DSSSB 13 August 2024
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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