Identify the following instrument in image:

Appeared in: AIIMS Delhi NO- 2019

Explanation

The instrument in the image is an otoscope, a fundamental tool for ear examinations.
It is clearly identified by its three main parts: a handle (for power), a head (with a light and lens), and a cone-shaped tip called a speculum.
The speculum is specifically designed to be inserted into the external auditory canal to provide a clear view of the ear canal and the tympanic membrane (eardrum).
This design directly corresponds to the function of an otoscope and distinguishes it from instruments used for eye examinations.

Option B: A tonometer is used to measure intraocular pressure (pressure within the eye) to screen for glaucoma. Its appearance is different, and it is used exclusively for eye examinations.
Option C: An ophthalmoscope is used to examine the internal structures of the eye, such as the retina and optic nerve. While it has a similar handle, its head contains different lenses and apertures and it does not have the cone-shaped speculum seen in the image.
Option D: The instrument is clearly identifiable as an otoscope, which is listed as option A.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Identification of common medical diagnostic instruments as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Otoscopy is a fundamental assessment skill for nurses, used to detect common ear problems like otitis media (middle ear infection), otitis externa (swimmer's ear), cerumen (wax) impaction, or foreign bodies.
Proper technique is crucial for patient comfort and safety. For adults, the nurse pulls the auricle (outer ear) up and back to straighten the ear canal for better visualization.
What if? - If the patient were an infant or a child under 3 years old, the nurse would need to pull the auricle down and back to straighten the ear canal due to its different anatomical orientation.

How to Approach the Question

This is an image-based identification question.
First, carefully examine the instrument in the image. Note its distinct parts: a handle, a head with a viewing piece, and a cone-shaped tip.
Think about the function of each part. The cone-shaped tip (speculum) is clearly designed to be inserted into a small body opening.
Next, review the options provided: Otoscope (ear), Tonometer (eye pressure), Ophthalmoscope (internal eye).
Correlate the instrument's features with the function of the devices listed. The speculum is the key feature for an ear examination.
Conclude that the instrument is an otoscope, used for looking into the ear.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 3 p. 83-85

E6 Nursing Brunner Adult Health 3SA Vol 2 Part 1 p. 86-88

Practise the full AIIMS Delhi NO- 2019

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.