Identify the procedure demonstrated in the video:

Combined AIIMS - 2020 (Jodhpur, Bhopal, Patna, Raipur)

Medical Surgical Nursing

Easy

Appeared in: Combined AIIMS - 2020 (Jodhpur, Bhopal, Patna, Raipur)

Explanation

The image shows a curved, rigid plastic device with a flange being inserted into a patient's mouth, which is characteristic of a Guedel's oropharyngeal airway (OPA).
The arrow indicating a 180-degree turn demonstrates the standard rotational insertion technique specific to this device.
The procedure's goal is to displace the tongue from the posterior pharyngeal wall to maintain airway patency in an unconscious patient.
This makes 'Guedel's airway insertion' the most precise and accurate description of the action shown.

Option A: Endotracheal intubation is a more invasive procedure that involves placing a tube directly into the trachea, usually with the aid of a laryngoscope. The device and technique shown in the image are different.
Option C: A Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) is a supraglottic device with a large, soft, inflatable mask at the end that seals over the laryngeal inlet. The device in the image is a simple, rigid plastic tube without a mask.
Option D: While a Guedel's airway is a type of oropharyngeal airway (OPA), this option is less specific. 'Guedel's airway insertion' describes the exact procedure being performed with the specific device shown. In nursing questions, the most precise correct answer is preferred.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Airway Management Adjuncts as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
A critical nursing responsibility is to assess for a gag reflex before inserting an OPA. Inserting it in a patient with a gag reflex can induce vomiting and aspiration, a life-threatening complication.
Proper sizing is crucial. An OPA that is too large can obstruct the larynx, while one that is too small can be ineffective or push the tongue back. The correct size is measured from the corner of the mouth to the angle of the jaw.
What if the patient starts to gag or regain consciousness during or after OPA insertion? The nurse's immediate action should be to remove the airway to prevent vomiting and aspiration. The patient's airway and breathing must then be reassessed, and a nasopharyngeal airway (NPA) may be considered if an adjunct is still needed.

How to Approach the Question

First, carefully examine the image or video to identify the specific equipment being used. Note its shape, material, and key features (e.g., curved, rigid plastic, flange).
Observe the action being performed. In this case, note the insertion into the mouth and the rotational movement indicated by the arrow.
Correlate the equipment and action with your knowledge of medical procedures. Recognize the device as a Guedel's airway and the action as its standard insertion technique.
Evaluate the options. Eliminate those that clearly do not match the visual evidence (e.g., Endotracheal intubation, LMA insertion).
Choose the most specific and accurate option. While it is an 'Oropharyngeal airway', the term 'Guedel's airway insertion' is a more precise description of the specific procedure shown.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Nursing Brunner Adult Health 3SA Vol 2 Part 3 pp. 115-117, 116-118