Passive immunity against tetanus is obtained by the administration of:

Appeared in: AIIMS Nagpur NO- 2020

Explanation

The question asks for a method to obtain passive immunity against tetanus.
Passive immunity is achieved by administering pre-formed antibodies, which provide immediate but temporary protection.
Tetanus immunoglobulin (TIG) is a preparation of human antibodies to the tetanus toxin.
Administering TIG directly provides the body with the necessary antibodies to neutralize the tetanus toxin, which is the definition of passive immunization.
This is used for immediate protection after a high-risk injury, especially if the person's vaccination history is unknown or incomplete.

Option A: TT (Tetanus Toxoid) is a vaccine that contains an inactivated toxin (toxoid). It stimulates the body's immune system to produce its own antibodies.
Option B: DpT is a combination vaccine that includes tetanus toxoid. Like TT, it induces the body to create its own antibodies.
Option C: DT is also a combination vaccine containing tetanus toxoid, which stimulates an active immune response.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Passive vs. Active Immunity for Tetanus as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
A key nursing responsibility in wound management is to assess the patient's tetanus immunization status and the nature of the wound (clean vs. dirty/tetanus-prone).
For a patient with a clean, minor wound who is fully immunized (last booster within 10 years), no TIG or toxoid is needed.
For a patient with a contaminated, deep wound and an unknown or incomplete immunization history, both Tetanus Immunoglobulin (for immediate passive protection) and Tetanus Toxoid (to start active immunity) are administered at different sites.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core concept in the question: 'Passive immunity'.
Understand the definition of passive immunity: receiving ready-made antibodies for immediate, temporary protection.
Contrast this with active immunity: the body producing its own antibodies for long-term protection after exposure to an antigen (like a vaccine).
Evaluate each option: TT, DpT, and DT are all toxoids/vaccines that stimulate an active immune response.
Identify 'Tetanus immunoglobulin' as a product containing pre-formed antibodies, which fits the definition of passive immunity.
Therefore, Tetanus immunoglobulin is the correct choice for providing passive immunity.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart B (pp 202-403 of 604) p. 176-178

E6 Ghai Essential Pediatrics(pp 26-904 of 913) p. 197-199

Practise the full AIIMS Nagpur NO- 2020

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.