Which of the following is a Bleeding Disorder?

Appeared in: MP CHO -2021 (Shift 1st)

Explanation

Haemophilia is a classic example of a hereditary bleeding disorder.
It is caused by a genetic defect leading to a deficiency in specific blood clotting factors, primarily Factor VIII (Haemophilia A) or Factor IX (Haemophilia B).
This deficiency impairs the coagulation cascade, preventing the formation of a stable fibrin clot, which results in prolonged bleeding.

Option A: Leukaemia is a malignancy (cancer) of the blood-forming tissues, characterized by the overproduction of abnormal white blood cells.
Option B: Anaemia is a condition defined by a deficiency in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. This reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
Option D: Leucopenia is a condition characterized by a low count of white blood cells (leukocytes), which are the body's primary defense against infection.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Classification of Hematological Disorders as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nurses play a vital role in managing patients with haemophilia by administering replacement factor concentrates, managing acute bleeding episodes (e.g., with RICE therapy for joint bleeds), and providing extensive patient education on injury prevention.
Key patient teaching includes avoiding contact sports, using protective gear, maintaining good dental hygiene with a soft brush to prevent gum bleeds, and recognizing the signs of internal bleeding.
What if a patient with haemophilia needs pain relief? The nurse should administer acetaminophen instead of NSAIDs like aspirin or ibuprofen. NSAIDs inhibit platelet function, which would further compromise the patient's ability to form a clot and significantly increase bleeding risk.

How to Approach the Question

First, read the question carefully to identify the core concept being tested, which is 'Bleeding Disorder'.
Next, analyze each option by defining it based on your medical knowledge.
Define Leukaemia: A cancer of white blood cells.
Define Anaemia: A deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin.
Define Haemophilia: A genetic disorder where blood doesn't clot properly.
Define Leucopenia: A deficiency of white blood cells.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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Practise the full MP CHO -2021 (Shift 1st)

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.