Identify the demerit (disadvantage) of the caste system from the given options.

DSSSB - 28 August 2019 (Shift-1)

Applied Sociology

Medium

Appeared in: DSSSB - 28 August 2019 (Shift-1)

Explanation

The caste system is a closed form of social stratification where an individual's social status is determined by birth (ascription).
This status is hereditary and cannot be changed through personal effort, wealth, or achievement, creating a permanent and rigid social hierarchy.
This inherent structure of the caste system directly introduces and perpetuates inequality in society, making it a fundamental demerit.
It is contrary to the principles of an open-class society where social mobility is possible based on individual merit.

Option A: This is often described as a 'function' or a 'merit' of the caste system from a structural-functionalist perspective. It provides individuals with a stable and predictable social identity and environment.
Option C: This refers to the traditional economic aspect of the caste system (like the Jajmani system), which is often presented as a functional arrangement that ensures occupations for all. However, this is a highly criticized function as it restricts choice and leads to exploitation.
Option D: This refers to 'caste solidarity'. While cooperation within a caste is a feature, it is not a merit for society as a whole. This in-group loyalty often leads to inter-caste conflict and hinders national unity.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Demerits of the Caste System as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
While not a clinical topic, the caste system has significant implications for health. Caste-based discrimination is a social determinant of health, leading to stress, mental health issues, and reduced access to healthcare and nutrition for lower-caste individuals.
Nurses must be aware of these social dynamics to provide culturally competent and equitable care, ensuring that no patient is discriminated against based on their social background.
What if? If a patient from a marginalized community is hesitant to accept care or follow instructions, a nurse aware of social hierarchies might explore underlying issues of trust, fear of discrimination, or communication barriers, rather than simply labeling the patient as 'non-compliant'.

How to Approach the Question

First, understand the core of the question, which asks for a 'demerit' or 'disadvantage' of the caste system.
Analyze each option to determine if it represents a negative consequence (demerit) or a positive/neutral function (merit).
Option A ('fixed social environment'), Option C ('provides occupation'), and Option D ('cooperation among members') can be interpreted as functional aspects or merits, even if they have negative side effects. They describe how the system organizes society.
Option B ('introduces inherited inequality') directly points to a fundamental, universally acknowledged negative outcome and injustice of the system.
Therefore, by differentiating between functions and clear disadvantages, you can identify the most accurate answer.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Applied Sociology for Nurses TK Indrani pp. 179-181, 178-180

E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 2 — Subpart A (pp 1-232 of 464) p. 225-227