Who has classified Type A and Type B personality?

Appeared in: RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2018

Explanation

The Type A and Type B personality theory was proposed by two American cardiologists, Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenman, in the 1950s.
Their research identified a pattern of behaviors and attitudes, which they termed Type A, that was associated with a higher risk of coronary artery disease.
Type A individuals are described as ambitious, competitive, impatient, and aggressive.
In contrast, Type B individuals are described as relaxed, non-competitive, and easy-going, with a lower risk of heart disease.

Option A: Gordon Allport is known for his Trait Theory of personality, not the Type A/B classification.
Option B: Hans Eysenck developed a model of personality based on three major dimensions: Psychoticism, Extraversion, and Neuroticism (PEN model).
Option C: Carl Jung is famous for his theory of psychological types, primarily focusing on the dimensions of Introversion and Extraversion.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Personality Theories and Classification as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Understanding a patient's personality type (A or B) can help nurses tailor health education, particularly for cardiovascular health.
Nurses can teach patients with Type A personalities specific stress management techniques like mindfulness, deep breathing exercises, and time management skills to mitigate their higher risk for heart disease.
What if? If a patient with a known Type A personality presents with chest pain, the nurse should have a heightened suspicion for a cardiac event and prioritize immediate assessment and ECG, as this personality type is a risk factor for coronary artery disease.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core concept in the question, which is the classification of 'Type A and Type B personality'.
This is a factual recall question that requires knowledge of different psychological theories of personality.
Scan the options, which list various influential psychologists.
Mentally connect each theorist to their primary contribution: Allport (Trait Theory), Eysenck (PEN Model), Jung (Introversion/Extraversion), and Friedman & Rosenman (Type A/B).
Select the option that correctly matches the theory mentioned in the question.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Q8G6MTJx8DTip4Zbwi29HZ

E6 Psychology Applied Sreevani 5e p. 101-103

E6 Psychology Applied Sreevani 6e Sem1 p. 102-104

E6 Psychology Morgan King 9e Part 2 p. 168-170

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