Which of the following vaccines, when administered by one year of age, considers a child fully vaccinated?

P.CHO-2019

Child Health Nursing (Pediatrics)

Easy

Appeared in: P.CHO-2019

Explanation

A child is considered fully immunized by one year of age upon receiving BCG, three doses of a DPT-containing vaccine (like Pentavalent), three doses of OPV, and one dose of a measles-containing vaccine.
Option C (BCG, Pentavalent-3, OPV-3 and MMR-1) is the only choice that lists all the necessary components for full immunization status by 12 months as per the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) in India.
The Pentavalent vaccine covers Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus (DPT), Hepatitis B, and Haemophilus influenzae type b.
The first dose of a measles-containing vaccine (MR or MMR) is administered between 9 to 12 months, completing the primary immunization series for the first year.

Option A: This option is incomplete as it omits the measles-containing vaccine (MR/MMR), which is a mandatory component for a child to be considered fully immunized by one year.
Option B: This option is highly incomplete. It omits BCG and the DPT/Pentavalent series, which are essential for protection against tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus.
Option D: Since options A and B are incorrect because they represent incomplete immunization schedules, this option is logically false.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Definition of a fully immunized child according to the National Immunization Schedule (NIS) in India as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Ensuring a child is fully immunized by one year is a critical public health goal to prevent outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases and reduce infant mortality.
Nurses play a vital role in educating parents about the importance of adhering to the immunization schedule, managing vaccine records, and addressing concerns about vaccine safety.
What if a child who is 11 months old has only received BCG and the first dose of Pentavalent/OPV? The nurse should not restart the schedule. Instead, they should administer the second doses (Penta-2, OPV-2) and the measles vaccine (MR-1) during that visit and advise the parent to return in one month for the third doses, effectively 'catching up' on the schedule.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core question: What constitutes a 'fully immunized child' by the age of one?
This is a factual recall question based on a standard public health schedule (the National Immunization Schedule).
Recall or look for the key components of the immunization schedule for the first year of life: BCG (at birth), DPT/Penta series (3 doses), OPV series (3 doses), and Measles vaccine (1 dose).
Evaluate each option against this complete schedule.
Option A is missing Measles. Option B is missing BCG and DPT/Penta.
Option C includes all the required components. Therefore, it is the correct answer.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Definition of a fully immunized child according to the National Immunization Schedule (NIS) in India.
Stem keywords: vaccines, one year of age, fully vaccinated
Lead-in keywords: Which
Clinical cues: Age/sex group narrows the expected diagnosis, intervention, or normal reference range.
Negative lead-in flag: false

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