The theory of hierarchy of needs is called \ \ \ \ \ . - AIIMS Raipur NO- 2019 (shift 3rd)

AIIMS Raipur NO- 2019 (shift 3rd)

Applied Psychology

Easy

Appeared in: AIIMS Raipur NO- 2019 (shift 3rd)

Explanation

The theory of hierarchy of needs was proposed by Abraham Maslow in 1943.
It is a motivational theory in psychology comprising a five-tier model of human needs, often depicted as a pyramid.
The core principle is that needs lower down in the hierarchy must be satisfied before individuals can attend to needs higher up.
The levels are Physiological, Safety, Love/Belonging, Esteem, and Self-Actualization.

Option B: This is a general term related to productivity and management outcomes, not a specific psychological theory of motivation.
Option C: McClelland's theory, also known as the Three Needs Theory, proposes that three needs—Achievement, Power, and Affiliation—are the primary drivers of motivation. It does not arrange these needs in a hierarchy.
Option D: Herzberg's theory, or the Motivation-Hygiene Theory, separates job factors into two categories: 'Hygiene factors' (like salary and work conditions) that prevent dissatisfaction, and 'Motivators' (like recognition and growth) that create satisfaction. It is a two-factor model, not a hierarchy.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Motivational Theories in Psychology as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nurses use Maslow's hierarchy to prioritize patient care. For example, ensuring a patient's airway is clear (a physiological need) is always the first priority over addressing their anxiety (a safety need).
This framework helps in holistic patient assessment, ensuring that physical, psychological, and social needs are all considered in the care plan.
What if? If a patient in stable condition (physiological needs met) expresses deep loneliness (love/belonging need), a nurse might prioritize arranging a family visit or social interaction, as this unmet higher-level need can impact overall well-being and recovery.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key phrase in the question: 'theory of hierarchy of needs'.
This is a direct recall question that tests your knowledge of foundational psychological theories used in nursing.
Scan the options to find the name most famously associated with a 'hierarchy of needs'.
Abraham Maslow is the psychologist who developed this theory.
Eliminate the other options by recalling their core concepts: McClelland's theory involves three non-hierarchical needs (achievement, power, affiliation), and Herzberg's theory involves two factors (motivators and hygiene). 'High performance level' is a concept, not a formal theory.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Nursing_Management_and_leadership_Johny_Kutty_JosephCbs_Publishers (pp 16-364 of 374) p. 216-218

E6 Principles and Practice of NURSING Management Leadership for BSc Nursing 3rd Edi Jogindra Vati — Subpart B (pp 340-678 of 1017) p. 201-203

E6 Psychology Applied Sreevani 5e p. 208-210