The junction at which an impulse travels from one neuron to another is called:

Appeared in: AIIMS Nagpur NO- 2020

Explanation

A synapse is the specific anatomical and functional junction where a nerve impulse passes from one neuron to another.
This connection involves the axon terminal of the sending (presynaptic) neuron, a microscopic gap called the synaptic cleft, and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving (postsynaptic) neuron.
The transmission of the signal across this gap is typically mediated by chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters.

Option A: An axon is the long projection of a neuron that conducts the nerve impulse. It is the pathway for the signal within a single neuron, not the junction between two different neurons.
Option C: This is a non-technical term for the nerve impulse or the information being transmitted. It describes the signal itself, not the physical structure of the junction.
Option D: A stimulus is an external or internal event that initiates a response by causing a nerve impulse to be generated. It is the trigger for the signal, not the junction where the signal is passed on.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Neuronal Communication and Synaptic Transmission as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Understanding synaptic transmission is fundamental in pharmacology. Many medications, such as antidepressants (SSRIs), antipsychotics, and anesthetics, exert their effects by altering the chemical processes at the synapse.
Disruptions in synaptic function are implicated in numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, and depression.
What if? If a drug blocks the reuptake of a neurotransmitter like serotonin at the synapse, the neurotransmitter remains in the synaptic cleft longer. This prolongs its effect on the postsynaptic neuron, which is the mechanism of action for Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) used to treat depression.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key terms in the question: 'junction', 'impulse travels', and 'one neuron to another'.
The question is asking for the specific name of the connection point between two nerve cells.
Evaluate each option based on the standard definitions related to a neuron's structure and function.
Recall that an 'Axon' is a part of the neuron, a 'Nerve message' is the signal, and a 'Stimulus' is a trigger.
Recognize that 'Synapse' is the precise scientific term for the junction between neurons.
Select the option that specifically names this junctional structure.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Q0SmFuvmrXk4DHUBrqHA0n

E6 Psychology Morgan King 9e Part 1 pp. 66-68, 65-67

E6 Psychology Applied Sreevani 6e Sem1 p. 45-47

Practise the full AIIMS Nagpur NO- 2020

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.