Read the given statements and conclusions. Assuming that the information given in the statement is true, even if it seems to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements. Statements: Some grasses are yellow. All yellow are plastic. Conclusions: (I) Some straws are grass. (II) Some plastics are yellow.

1. A

   Neither conclusion (I) nor (II) follows.

2. B

   Only conclusion (I) follows.

3. C

   Both conclusions (I) and (II) follow.

4. D

   Only conclusion (II) follows.

Appeared in: DSSSB October 2024

Explanation

• This option correctly identifies that only the second conclusion is a valid deduction from the given statements.
• Conclusion (II), 'Some plastics are yellow,' is a direct logical inference from the statement 'All yellow are plastic.'.
• If an entire category (yellow) is contained within another category (plastic), then it is undeniable that some members of the larger category are also members of the smaller one.
• Conclusion (I) is invalid because it introduces a new term, 'straws,' which is not present in the original statements.

Why Other Options Were Wrong

• Option A: This option is incorrect because Conclusion (II) is a valid logical deduction from the second statement.
• Option B: This option is incorrect because Conclusion (I) is invalid. It introduces a new term, 'straws,' which cannot be logically connected to the premises.
• Option C: This option is incorrect because Conclusion (I) is invalid. A conclusion cannot introduce new elements not found in the statements.

Related Visual

Clinical Relevance

• Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Syllogism and Logical Deduction as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
• While not a clinical question, this type of logical reasoning is a foundational skill for nursing.
• Nurses must be able to make sound deductions based on available evidence (patient symptoms, lab results, medical history) to formulate care plans and identify priorities.
• This skill helps in interpreting diagnostic information and avoiding assumptions or conclusions not supported by data.

How to Approach the Question

• First, carefully read and understand the given statements. Treat them as absolute truths for the purpose of the question.
• Represent the statements using a Venn diagram to visualize the relationship between the categories (Grasses, Yellow, Plastic).
• Examine Conclusion (I). Check if all terms used in the conclusion ('straws', 'grass') are present in the original statements. Note that 'straws' is a new term, making this conclusion immediately suspect.
• Examine Conclusion (II). Check if the relationship described ('Some plastics are yellow') can be logically derived from the statements. The statement 'All yellow are plastic' directly implies this.
• Based on your analysis, determine which conclusion(s) logically and unavoidably follow from the statements.
• Select the option that matches your findings. In this case, only Conclusion (II) follows.

Concept Tested & Keywords

• Concept Tested: Syllogism and Logical Deduction
• Stem keywords: Statements, Conclusions, Some grasses are yellow, All yellow are plastic
• Lead-in keywords: logically follows

Question ID

QlOto5R_LbPrR9Qb4eh908

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