Which of the following Venn- diagram correctly illustrates the relationship among the classes: Electronics, Cellphone, iPhone?

Appeared in: AIIMS Nagpur NO - 2018

Explanation

The relationship between the three classes is one of complete inclusion or subset hierarchy.
All iPhones are a specific brand of Cellphone, so the 'iPhone' set is entirely within the 'Cellphone' set.
All Cellphones are a type of Electronic device, so the 'Cellphone' set is entirely within the 'Electronics' set.
This relationship (iPhone ⊂ Cellphone ⊂ Electronics) is correctly represented by three concentric circles, as shown in diagram (b).

Option B: Diagram (d) shows two intersecting sets and one completely separate set. This is incorrect because all three items (Electronics, Cellphone, iPhone) are related to each other and not separate.
Option C: Diagram (a) shows three intersecting sets. This implies that each category has members that are not part of the others (e.g., some iPhones that are not cellphones), which is logically false.
Option D: Diagram (c) shows two separate (disjoint) sets within a larger universal set. This incorrectly suggests that iPhones and Cellphones are two different types of electronics with no overlap.

Visual 1: Infographic: A clear diagram showing three concentric circles labeled 'Electronics' (outer), 'Cellphone' (middle), and 'iPhone' (inner) to visually reinforce the subset relationship.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Logical Reasoning: Venn Diagrams and Set Theory as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
This question tests logical and hierarchical reasoning, a foundational skill for nurses.
Nurses use hierarchical thinking to classify patient symptoms, prioritize care based on urgency (e.g., ABCs), and understand relationships between diseases and treatments.
What if the items were 'Medications', 'Antibiotics', and 'Penicillin'? The relationship would be the same (Penicillin ⊂ Antibiotics ⊂ Medications), requiring the same concentric circle diagram. This demonstrates how the abstract reasoning skill applies directly to clinical knowledge.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the three classes given in the question: Electronics, Cellphone, and iPhone.
Next, determine the logical relationship between these classes. Ask yourself: Is one class a type of another? Do they overlap? Are they separate?
Establish the hierarchy: An iPhone is a type of Cellphone. A Cellphone is a type of Electronic device.
Recognize this as a 'subset' relationship: All items of class A are also in class B, and all items of class B are also in class C.
Translate this logical relationship into a visual diagram. A complete subset relationship is represented by concentric circles (one inside another).
Finally, match your derived diagram with the given options. Diagram (b) shows the correct concentric circle model.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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Practise the full AIIMS Nagpur NO - 2018

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.