Identify the Venn diagram that best represents relationship between Jaundice, Diseases and Leprosy:

NVS- 2025

Reasoning

Medium

Appeared in: NVS- 2025

Explanation

The correct diagram shows a universal set ('Diseases') containing two distinct, non-overlapping subsets ('Jaundice' and 'Leprosy').
Leprosy is a specific type of disease, so it must be represented as a circle inside the 'Diseases' circle.
Jaundice is a sign of an underlying disease, placing it within the broader category of 'Diseases'.
Since Jaundice and Leprosy are completely separate conditions with different causes and manifestations, their circles should not intersect.

Option B: Three intersecting circles would imply that there are conditions that are simultaneously Jaundice, Leprosy, and another disease, and that Jaundice and Leprosy can exist as a single overlapping condition, which is incorrect.
Option C: Two intersecting circles inside a larger circle would suggest that Jaundice and Leprosy are conditions that can overlap or occur as a single entity. They are distinct and do not overlap.
Option D: Three separate circles would imply that Jaundice, Diseases, and Leprosy are all mutually exclusive categories. This is false because both Jaundice and Leprosy are classified under the general heading of 'Diseases'.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Logical Reasoning: Venn Diagrams as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Understanding logical classification is crucial in medicine for differential diagnosis. A nurse must distinguish between a sign (like jaundice), a symptom (like itching), and a disease (like hepatitis).
This reasoning helps in organizing patient data and forming a clear clinical picture. For example, recognizing jaundice prompts a search for its underlying cause (e.g., liver disease, hemolysis), rather than treating jaundice as the final diagnosis.
What if the terms were 'Infections', 'Bacterial Infections', and 'Leprosy'? The diagram would change to three concentric circles, as Leprosy is a type of bacterial infection, and all bacterial infections are a type of infection.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the relationship between each pair of terms provided in the question.
Determine the broadest category, which will be the universal set (the largest circle). In this case, 'Diseases' is the universal set.
Analyze the other terms ('Jaundice', 'Leprosy') to see if they are subsets of the universal set. Both are conditions that fall under 'Diseases'.
Determine the relationship between the subsets. Are they overlapping or distinct? Jaundice and Leprosy are distinct conditions, so their circles should not intersect.
Select the Venn diagram that visually matches this logical structure: a large circle containing two smaller, separate circles.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Pathology-Vandana Puri & Kavita Gaur Textbook of Pathology and Genetics p. 239-241