A single rescuer performs both artificial respiration and compression at the ratio of:

Appeared in: NVS- 2025

Explanation

According to current resuscitation guidelines, a single rescuer should perform CPR using a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2.
This 30:2 ratio is the universal standard for a single rescuer across all age groups—adults, children, and infants.
The sequence is designed to provide an optimal balance between maintaining blood circulation through compressions and delivering oxygen through rescue breaths, minimizing interruptions.

Option A: This is an incorrect ratio and does not align with any current standard CPR guidelines.
Option C: This ratio provides an insufficient number of breaths and is not a recognized standard in CPR protocols.
Option D: The question specifies a 'single rescuer'. The 15:2 ratio is used only when two healthcare providers are performing CPR.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) compression-to-ventilation ratio for a single rescuer as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Knowing the correct CPR ratio is a fundamental and critical skill for nurses, as immediate and high-quality CPR significantly improves survival rates after cardiac arrest.
In a hospital, nurses are often the first to respond to a patient's cardiac arrest and must initiate CPR correctly until the resuscitation ('code blue') team arrives.
Correct application of CPR technique, including rate, depth, and ratio, prevents futile or harmful resuscitation efforts and maximizes the chance of a positive outcome.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key elements of the question: 'single rescuer' and the 'ratio' for compressions and breaths.
Recognize this as a factual recall question based on established CPR guidelines (e.g., from the American Heart Association).
Recall the universal compression-to-ventilation ratio for a single rescuer, which is standard across all age groups.
Evaluate the options. The standard ratio is 30 compressions followed by 2 breaths.
Carefully consider the distractors. The 15:2 ratio is a valid CPR ratio, but it's specific to two-rescuer CPR for children/infants, which is not the scenario described in the question.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) compression-to-ventilation ratio for a single rescuer.
Stem keywords: single rescuer, artificial respiration, compression, ratio
Lead-in keywords: at the ratio of
Negative lead-in flag: false

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Practise the full NVS- 2025

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.