IGNOU PB Bsc Nsg Entrance-2017
Applied Psychology
Easy
Psychoanalysis was founded by?
Appeared in: IGNOU PB Bsc Nsg Entrance-2017
Explanation
- Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) is the founder of psychoanalysis, a major school of thought in psychology.
- His work began in the late 19th century in Vienna, where he developed his theories based on clinical work with patients suffering from hysteria.
- Psychoanalysis emphasizes the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior, and Freud developed therapeutic techniques such as free association and dream analysis.
- Key Freudian concepts include the structural model of the psyche (id, ego, superego) and the theory of psychosexual development.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher. His work focused on logic, ethics, politics, and metaphysics, predating the field of psychology by over two millennia.
- Option B: Hippocrates is known as the 'Father of Medicine.' He was an ancient Greek physician who focused on the biological and natural causes of disease, not psychological theories like psychoanalysis.
- Option D: Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physiologist known for his work on classical conditioning. His research was a cornerstone of behaviorism, a school of thought distinct from and often in opposition to psychoanalysis.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Founder of Psychoanalysis as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Understanding the origins of psychological theories helps nurses appreciate the historical context of modern mental health care.
- Nurses frequently encounter patients using defense mechanisms (a key psychoanalytic concept) like denial or rationalization to cope with illness. Recognizing these helps in providing empathetic and effective care.
- The concepts of transference (patient projects feelings onto the nurse) and countertransference (nurse projects feelings onto the patient) are rooted in psychoanalytic theory and are critical for maintaining professional boundaries.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the key term in the question, which is 'Psychoanalysis'.
- This is a factual recall question that requires knowledge of the history of psychology.
- Scan the options to see if the name most famously associated with psychoanalysis is present.
- Recall or deduce that Sigmund Freud is universally recognized as the founder of psychoanalysis.
- Eliminate the other options by identifying their primary contributions: Aristotle (philosophy), Hippocrates (medicine), and Ivan Pavlov (behaviorism/classical conditioning).
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Founder of Psychoanalysis
- Stem keywords: Psychoanalysis, founded by
- Lead-in keywords: BEST, MOST RELEVANT CLUE
- Negative lead-in flag: false
Question ID
QthL0MglNbK7dFOUT9zKao
Reference Book
E6 Kaplan Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry-2022 (pp 1-3768 of 3768) p. 3314-3316
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) pp. 15125-15127, 8920-8922
Practise the full IGNOU PB Bsc Nsg Entrance-2017
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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