Research in which a researcher makes changes in an independent variable and studies their effects on a dependent variable under controlled conditions is called as?

1. A

   Experimental research

2. B

   Non-experimental research

3. C

   Ethnographic research

4. D

   Analytical research

Appeared in: IGNOU PB Bsc Nsg Entrance-2017

Explanation

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• Experimental research is defined by the active manipulation of an independent variable by the researcher.
• The primary goal is to observe the effect of this manipulation on a dependent variable.
• This is conducted under controlled conditions to isolate the cause-and-effect relationship and minimize the influence of extraneous variables.
• The three core characteristics are manipulation, control, and randomization.

Why Other Options Were Wrong

• Option B: Non-experimental research is incorrect because it involves observing and describing phenomena as they naturally occur, without any manipulation of variables by the researcher.
• Option C: Ethnographic research is a qualitative approach focused on understanding the culture, values, and behaviors of a specific social group in their natural environment. It does not involve manipulating variables.
• Option D: Analytical research involves using existing information and data to conduct a critical evaluation or to test hypotheses. It does not involve the researcher creating new data through an experiment.

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Clinical Relevance

• Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Types of Research Methodology as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
• Nurses rely on findings from experimental research, particularly Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), as the foundation for evidence-based practice (EBP). These studies provide the strongest evidence for the effectiveness of nursing interventions.
• Understanding research types helps nurses critically appraise scientific literature to determine if the evidence is strong enough to change clinical practice.
• What if a researcher wanted to understand the lived experiences of patients with chronic pain? In that case, a qualitative method like phenomenology or ethnography would be more appropriate than experimental research, as the goal is understanding and interpretation, not cause-and-effect.

How to Approach the Question

• First, analyze the question to identify the key defining phrases: 'makes changes in an independent variable,' 'studies their effects on a dependent variable,' and 'under controlled conditions.'
• Recognize that these three components (manipulation, observation of effect, and control) are the classic hallmarks of a specific research design.
• Evaluate each option against this definition.
• Non-experimental research is the opposite, as it lacks manipulation.
• Ethnographic research is qualitative and focuses on culture, not variable manipulation.
• Analytical research uses existing data, so it doesn't involve a new experiment.

Concept Tested & Keywords

• Concept Tested: Types of Research Methodology
• Stem keywords: research, independent variable, dependent variable, controlled conditions
• Lead-in keywords: called as
• Negative lead-in flag: false

Question ID

Q969lIa0LZDySprgFhgmSa

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Reference Book

E6 NursingResearch Sukhpal Kaur pp. 180-182, 183-185, 168-170