AIIMS Patna NO - 2020
Community Health Nursing
Easy
The number of all current cases of a disease at one point of time is called?
Appeared in: AIIMS Patna NO - 2020
Explanation
- Point prevalence refers to the total number of existing cases (both old and new) of a specific disease in a population at a single point in time.
- It provides a 'snapshot' of the disease burden in a community at a particular moment, which is crucial for public health planning.
- The question's phrasing 'all current cases' and 'at one point of time' directly matches the definition of point prevalence.
- The formula is calculated by dividing the number of current cases by the total population at that specific time.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: Period prevalence measures the number of cases over a specified duration or interval (e.g., over a year), not at a single point in time.
- Option B: 'Point incidence' is not a standard epidemiological term. Incidence measures the rate of new cases over a period, not existing cases at a point.
- Option D: 'Time prevalence' is not a recognized or standard term in the field of epidemiology.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: Knowing Definition of Epidemiological Measures (Prevalence) helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
- Nurses and public health professionals use prevalence data to understand the health status of a community, which helps in planning for resource allocation (like hospital beds, staff, or specific medications) and implementing targeted health education programs.
- A high point prevalence of a chronic disease like diabetes in a community signals a need for more diabetes management clinics, patient education on diet and exercise, and regular screening programs.
- What if? If the question asked for the number of new cases of a disease over a year, the correct answer would be Incidence Rate, which measures the risk of developing the disease in a population.
How to Approach the Question
- First, break down the question to identify the key concepts. The critical phrases are 'all current cases' and 'at one point of time'.
- Recognize that 'all current cases' refers to a measure of prevalence (the total burden of a disease), as opposed to incidence (new cases).
- Note that 'at one point of time' specifies the timeframe. This distinguishes it from measures that cover a period or duration.
- Evaluate the options: 'Point prevalence' directly combines the concepts of a 'point in time' and 'prevalence'.
- Eliminate 'Period prevalence' because it refers to a duration, not a single point.
- Dismiss 'Point incidence' and 'Time prevalence' as they are not standard epidemiological terms.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Definition of Epidemiological Measures (Prevalence)
- Stem keywords: current cases, disease, one point of time
- Lead-in keywords: is called
- Negative lead-in flag: false
Question ID
QhKihvDUEQBCXeymCcqvMC
Reference Book
E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart A (pp 26-201 of 604) p. 55-57
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) p. 2834-2836
Practise the full AIIMS Patna NO - 2020
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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