Preterm newborn is a baby born at

Appeared in: NHM UP Staff Nurse-2021 Shift-2nd

Explanation

A preterm neonate is defined as a baby born before 37 completed weeks of gestation (which is before the 259th day).
This definition is standardized by major health organizations, including the World Health Organization (WHO) and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
Gestational age is the primary determinant for classifying a newborn as preterm, regardless of their birth weight.
This classification is crucial for anticipating and managing the specific health risks associated with prematurity.

Option B: A baby born at 37 weeks is considered 'early term,' not preterm. The preterm period ends just before 37 weeks.
Option C: A baby born at 37 or 38 weeks is classified as 'early term.' A baby born at 39 weeks is 'full term.'.
Option D: A baby born at 39 weeks is considered 'full term.' This option incorrectly includes the entire 'early term' and 'full term' periods.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Definition of preterm birth based on gestational age as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Knowing the correct definition of preterm is fundamental for nurses to identify at-risk newborns immediately after birth.
Preterm infants have immature organ systems, placing them at high risk for respiratory distress, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, and infection. Nurses must initiate specific protocols for monitoring and supportive care.
Nursing interventions for a preterm infant include maintaining a neutral thermal environment, providing respiratory support, monitoring blood glucose levels, and implementing strict infection control measures.

How to Approach the Question

This is a factual recall question that tests your knowledge of standard medical definitions.
Identify the key term in the question: 'Preterm newborn.'
Recall the World Health Organization (WHO) and obstetrical definition for classifying newborns based on gestational age.
The critical number to remember for preterm birth is 37 weeks.
Evaluate the options. The definition of preterm is 'before' 37 completed weeks. Therefore, the option '< 37 completed weeks of gestation' is the correct choice.
Eliminate the other options as they describe term (38, 39 weeks) or the average length of a full pregnancy (40 weeks).

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Obstetrics Williams p. 1-7

E6 Anatomy Grays 43e Vol 1 Part 3 p. 12-14

Practise the full NHM UP Staff Nurse-2021 Shift-2nd

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.