PGIMER Sangrur NO - 2023
Applied Sociology
Easy
Is it the tendency to look at the world primarily from the perspective of one's own culture?
Appeared in: PGIMER Sangrur NO - 2023
Explanation
- The question asks for the term describing the tendency to view the world from the perspective of one's own culture.
- Ethnocentrism is the precise term for this concept.
- It involves using one's own culture as a frame of reference to judge other cultures, practices, behaviors, beliefs, and people.
- A key feature of ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own culture is superior to others, which can lead to prejudice and discrimination.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option B: Cultural Relativism is the principle of understanding an individual's beliefs and practices in the context of their own culture. It is the opposite of ethnocentrism as it promotes non-judgment.
- Option C: Absolutism refers to the belief that there are absolute, universal standards (often moral or ethical) that apply to all people and cultures, regardless of context. While related to judgment, it's about a universal standard, not one's own culture's standard.
- Option D: Universalism is the belief that some ideas, values, or principles have universal applicability and should be accepted by all. It is subtly different from ethnocentrism, as it focuses on shared human principles rather than the superiority of one specific culture.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Cultural Concepts in Sociology and Nursing as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- In nursing, ethnocentrism is a significant barrier to providing culturally competent care. It can lead to misunderstandings, miscommunication, and non-adherence to treatment plans because the nurse may fail to respect the patient's beliefs and practices.
- A nurse exhibiting ethnocentrism might dismiss a patient's use of traditional remedies or dietary habits, viewing them as inferior to Western medical practices. This can damage the nurse-patient relationship and lead to negative health outcomes.
- To provide patient-centered care, nurses must practice cultural humility and relativism, actively seeking to understand the patient's perspective without imposing their own values.
How to Approach the Question
- First, analyze the question's core components. The key phrase is 'look at the world primarily from the perspective of one's own culture'.
- This is a definition-based question. Your goal is to match this definition to one of the provided sociological terms.
- Recall or deduce the meanings of the options. 'Ethno' relates to ethnicity or culture, and 'centrism' relates to being at the center. This strongly suggests 'ethnocentrism' means viewing one's own culture as the center.
- Consider the other options. 'Cultural Relativism' implies that culture is relative, which is the opposite of a single-perspective view.
- 'Absolutism' and 'Universalism' refer to standards that apply everywhere, but not necessarily originating from one's own specific culture.
- Based on the breakdown of the word 'ethnocentrism' and the definition in the stem, select it as the best fit.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Cultural Concepts in Sociology and Nursing
- Stem keywords: tendency, look at the world, perspective, one's own culture
- Lead-in keywords: Is it
- Negative lead-in flag: false
Question ID
QzpdmXHBgLqZHaEAmdltnM
Reference Book
E6 Nursing Fundamentals Taylor p. 1037-1039
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) p. 2744-2746
Practise the full PGIMER Sangrur NO - 2023
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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