AIIMS Nagpur NO- 2020
Community Health Nursing
Easy
Elements of primary healthcare are the following; EXCEPT:
Appeared in: AIIMS Nagpur NO- 2020
Explanation
- Cost-effectiveness is a term used in health economics to compare the relative costs and outcomes of different healthcare interventions. It is an analytical tool, not a foundational service component of Primary Health Care.
- The Alma-Ata declaration defines PHC as being provided 'at a cost the community and country can afford,' which emphasizes affordability and accessibility, but this is different from the concept of 'cost-effectiveness' as a formal element.
- The other options are all explicitly named as either essential elements (services) or core principles (foundational pillars) of the PHC approach.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: Health education is a cornerstone of PHC. It is the first listed element, focusing on empowering individuals and communities with knowledge to prevent and control health problems.
- Option C: The provision of essential drugs is one of the eight essential elements of PHC, ensuring that communities have access to necessary medications for common ailments.
- Option D: Intersectoral coordination is one of the five key principles of PHC. It recognizes that health is influenced by many factors outside the health sector (e.g., agriculture, education, sanitation) and requires collaboration across these sectors.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Elements and Principles of Primary Health Care (PHC) as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- A Community Health Nurse's role is fundamentally based on the elements of PHC. Daily activities include health education sessions, immunization clinics (part of Expanded Program on Immunization), MCH services, and ensuring medicine availability at the sub-centre (Provision of essential drugs).
- Nurses practice intersectoral coordination by working with Anganwadi workers (ICDS), school teachers (for school health programs), and local panchayat members (for sanitation and water supply issues).
- What if the question asked for a principle of PHC instead of an element? In that case, 'Intersectoral coordination' would be a correct answer, while 'Health education' would be incorrect as it's an element, not a principle.
How to Approach the Question
- Identify the negative keyword 'EXCEPT'. This means you must find the option that is NOT a component of primary healthcare.
- Recall the fundamental components of Primary Health Care as defined by the Alma-Ata declaration. These are typically divided into 'Elements' (the services provided) and 'Principles' (the guiding concepts).
- Evaluate each option against this framework. A helpful mnemonic for the elements is 'ELEMENTS'.
- 'Health education' and 'Provision of essential drugs' are core elements.
- 'Intersectoral coordination' is a core principle.
- 'Cost effectiveness' is a concept related to health economics and program evaluation, but it is not a foundational element or principle of PHC itself, making it the correct exception.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Elements and Principles of Primary Health Care (PHC)
- Stem keywords: Elements, primary healthcare
- Lead-in keywords: EXCEPT
- Negative lead-in flag: Question asks for the exception
Question ID
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Reference Book
E6 Comprehensive Textbook of Community Health NursingShyamala D part 1 (pp 26-389 of 389) p. 91-93
E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 2 — Subpart A (pp 1-232 of 464) p. 113-115
Practise the full AIIMS Nagpur NO- 2020
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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