Combined AIIMS - 2020 (Jodhpur, Bhopal, Patna, Raipur)
Medical & Surgical Nursing
Easy
Which of the following are the causes of delirium?
Appeared in: Combined AIIMS - 2020 (Jodhpur, Bhopal, Patna, Raipur)
Explanation
- Delirium is an acute syndrome characterized by disturbances in attention, awareness, and cognition, which develops over a short period.
- It is always caused by an underlying physiological consequence of a medical condition, substance intoxication or withdrawal, or a toxin.
- The provided search results confirm that a brain tumor (a central nervous system pathology), head trauma, and alcohol use (intoxication or withdrawal) are all well-documented causes of delirium.
- Because options A, B, and C are all correct, the most comprehensive and accurate answer is "All of these".
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: This option is a valid cause of delirium, but it is not the only correct option presented. Choosing this alone would be incomplete.
- Option B: While head trauma is a significant cause of delirium, it is not the only one listed. The answer is incomplete.
- Option C: Alcohol consumption (both intoxication and withdrawal) is a common cause of delirium, but the other options are also valid causes, making this choice incomplete.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Etiology of Delirium as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Recognizing delirium is a critical nursing skill. It is often the first sign of a serious underlying medical problem, such as an infection or metabolic disturbance.
- The nurse's primary role is to ensure patient safety (e.g., prevent falls and self-harm), monitor for changes, reorient the patient, and collaborate with the medical team to identify and treat the underlying cause.
- Delirium is often reversible once the underlying cause is addressed. Prompt identification and management can significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce mortality.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the core of the question, which is asking for the causes of delirium.
- Next, evaluate each of the first three options (A, B, C) to determine if it is a known cause of delirium.
- Recall or deduce that a brain tumor can alter brain function, head trauma can cause acute confusion, and alcohol can lead to intoxication or withdrawal delirium.
- Since you have identified that more than one of the options are correct, look for an 'All of the above' or 'All of these' option.
- Confirm that this option (D) accurately reflects that all the preceding choices are valid causes.
- Select 'All of these' as the most comprehensive and correct answer.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Etiology of Delirium
- Stem keywords: causes, delirium
- Lead-in keywords: Which
- Negative lead-in flag: false
Question ID
QwAMZj_mRYzgmd50mFRHQ1
Reference Book
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) p. 7544-7546
E6 Kaplan Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry-2022 (pp 1-3768 of 3768) pp. 753-755, 751-753
Practise the full Combined AIIMS - 2020 (Jodhpur, Bhopal, Patna, Raipur)
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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