Waste water that contains solid and liquid excreta refers to

Appeared in: UPPSC 2017

Explanation

Sewage is the specific term for wastewater from a community that contains both solid and liquid human excreta (feces and urine).
It also includes waste from houses, street washings, and industries, making it highly contaminated and odorous.
The key differentiator is the presence of human excreta, which is explicitly absent in sullage.

Option B: Sullage is wastewater from kitchens, bathrooms, and laundry, but it specifically does not contain human excreta.
Option C: Refuse is a general term for solid waste, also known as trash or garbage. The question asks about liquid waste.
Option D: Rubbish is a category of solid refuse that is typically dry, such as paper, glass, or metal. It is not liquid waste containing excreta.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Classification of community liquid waste as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Understanding the difference between sewage and other wastes is critical for community health nurses to implement targeted sanitation and health education programs.
Improper disposal of sewage is a primary cause of waterborne diseases like cholera, typhoid, and dysentery. Nurses play a key role in educating communities on building and using sanitary latrines.
What if? If the wastewater came only from a hospital's laundry and kitchen, it would be classified as sullage. However, due to the hospital environment, it would still require careful handling and treatment as it could be contaminated with infectious agents, even though it does not contain excreta.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key terms in the question: 'waste water' and 'solid and liquid excreta'.
This indicates you are looking for a term describing liquid waste that specifically includes human waste.
Evaluate the options based on standard environmental health definitions.
Recall or deduce that 'Sewage' is the precise term for wastewater containing excreta.
Eliminate 'Sullage' as it excludes excreta. Eliminate 'Refuse' and 'Rubbish' as they refer to solid waste.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Ql1FU0ujSe_rCV6JlsGmc

E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 2 — Subpart B (pp 233-449 of 464) pp. 78-80, 70-72

E6 Comprehensive Textbook of Community Health NursingShyamala D part 1 (pp 26-389 of 389) p. 179-181

Practise the full UPPSC 2017

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.