Tonometry is the method of measuring the?

Appeared in: AIIMS Patna NO - 2020

Explanation

Tonometry is a diagnostic test used to measure the pressure inside the eye, known as intraocular pressure (IOP).
As confirmed by the visual evidence of a tonometer being used on an eye, this procedure is specific to ophthalmology.
It is a critical screening tool for glaucoma, as elevated IOP is a primary risk factor for this condition.
The normal range for IOP is generally considered to be between 12 and 20 mmHg.

Option A: Pressure inside the lungs is related to respiratory function, not ocular health.
Option B: Pressure inside the ear is related to the function of the middle ear and eardrum.
Option D: Blood pressure refers to the pressure of circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Definition and purpose of tonometry as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nurses play a key role in glaucoma screening by assisting with tonometry, educating patients about the importance of regular eye exams, and reinforcing the treatment plan for those diagnosed.
Early detection of elevated IOP through tonometry allows for timely intervention, which can prevent the optic nerve damage and vision loss associated with glaucoma.
What if the patient has a known corneal abrasion or infection? In this case, applanation tonometry would be contraindicated. The nurse should notify the provider, who may opt for a non-contact tonometer or defer the measurement until the cornea has healed.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key term in the question, which is 'Tonometry'.
Analyze the image provided. The image clearly shows a medical device being used on a patient's eye, which strongly suggests the answer is related to eye health.
Recall or deduce the function of tonometry. The prefix 'tono-' relates to tension or pressure, and the context of the eye points towards intraocular pressure.
Evaluate the options: 'Intraocular pressure' directly relates to the eye. The other options (lungs, ear, blood pressure) are measured by different instruments (spirometer, tympanometer, sphygmomanometer) and are unrelated to the visual clue.
Select the option that aligns with both the definition of the term and the visual evidence.

Concept Tested & Keywords

QSGYOcx_8x_XQni2FVDSYG

E6 Nursing Brunner Adult Health 3SA Vol 2 Part 1 p. 86-88

E6 Physiology Guyton 4SAE Part 3 p. 146-148

Practise the full AIIMS Patna NO - 2020

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.