BHU NO - 2015
Medical & Surgical Nursing
Easy
The nursing care of a patient with dengue fever includes all of the following, except?
Appeared in: BHU NO - 2015
Explanation
- Aspirin is strictly contraindicated in dengue fever because it is an antiplatelet agent.
- Dengue virus itself can cause thrombocytopenia (a low platelet count), which increases the risk of bleeding.
- Using aspirin further impairs platelet function, which can lead to severe hemorrhagic complications like gastrointestinal bleeding.
- In children, aspirin use during a viral illness is also associated with Reye's syndrome, a serious condition causing swelling in the liver and brain.
- The recommended and safe medication for fever and pain in dengue is Paracetamol (acetaminophen).
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: Providing cold compression or tepid sponging is a standard and appropriate non-pharmacological nursing intervention to help reduce high fever and provide comfort to the patient.
- Option B: Maintaining proper hydration and electrolyte balance is a cornerstone of dengue management. It is crucial for preventing dehydration and the progression to the more severe Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS).
- Option C: Treatment for all stages of dengue is primarily symptomatic and supportive. This includes managing fever, pain, and hydration, and monitoring for warning signs.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: Use the key finding related to Pharmacological management and nursing care in Dengue Fever to guide bedside assessment, documentation, and the next nursing action.
- A critical nursing responsibility is patient and family education about avoiding over-the-counter (OTC) drugs like aspirin and other NSAIDs (e.g., Ibuprofen) for fever in suspected dengue cases.
- Nurses must monitor for warning signs of severe dengue, such as bleeding from gums or nose, severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, and restlessness, and escalate care immediately.
- What if? If a patient with dengue complains of severe muscle and joint pain (also known as 'break-bone fever'), the correct nursing action is to administer the prescribed dose of paracetamol and use non-pharmacological measures like providing a comfortable position. The nurse must resist any patient request for stronger painkillers like NSAIDs.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify that this is a negative question by spotting the keyword 'except'. This means you are looking for the incorrect statement or the intervention that should NOT be performed.
- Read the stem carefully: 'The nursing care of a patient with dengue fever'. This establishes the clinical context.
- Evaluate each option against standard medical and nursing protocols for dengue fever.
- Option A (cold compression): This is a common supportive measure for fever. It is a correct action.
- Option B (hydration): This is critical in dengue to prevent shock. It is a correct action.
- Option C (symptomatic treatment): This is the mainstay of dengue management. It is a correct action.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Pharmacological management and nursing care in Dengue Fever.
- Stem keywords: nursing care, dengue fever
- Lead-in keywords: except
- Negative lead-in flag: The question asks for the intervention that is NOT part of the standard care for dengue fever.
Question ID
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Reference Book
E6 Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics(2024) — Volume 1 p. 2076-2078
E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart B (pp 202-403 of 604) p. 109-111
E6 Comprehensive Textbook of Community Health Nursing for BSc Nursing Students Part 2 — Subpart A (pp 1-275 of 550) p. 11-13
Practise the full BHU NO - 2015
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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