AIIMS Patna NO - 2020
Medical & Surgical Nursing
Easy
Which of the following equipment is used for the examination of the ear?
Appeared in: AIIMS Patna NO - 2020
Explanation
- The correct instrument for examining the ear is the otoscope.
- As seen in the image, an otoscope is a handheld device with a light and a magnifying lens, specifically designed to visualize the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane (eardrum).
- The prefix 'oto-' refers to the ear, and '-scope' refers to an instrument for viewing, making 'otoscope' the logical choice.
- Otoscopy is a fundamental skill used to diagnose common conditions such as otitis media (middle ear infection), otitis externa (swimmer's ear), cerumen (wax) impaction, and foreign bodies in the ear.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: An ophthalmoscope is used to examine the internal structures of the eye, such as the retina, optic disc, and blood vessels, not the ear.
- Option B: A laryngoscope is used to obtain a view of the vocal cords and glottis, which are parts of the larynx (throat). It is commonly used during endotracheal intubation.
- Option D: A proctoscope is used for the examination of the rectum and anus. It is a type of endoscope used in gastroenterology and proctology.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Identification and use of common medical diagnostic instruments as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Nurses frequently use otoscopes for initial patient assessments or assist physicians during ear examinations. Proper technique is crucial to avoid patient discomfort or injury.
- Patient safety during otoscopy involves using a clean, appropriately sized speculum for each patient to prevent cross-contamination and ensuring the instrument is handled carefully to avoid damaging the ear canal or eardrum.
- What if the patient is a young child? The technique changes. For infants and children under 3, the nurse or provider should pull the pinna (auricle) down and back to straighten the ear canal. For adults and older children, the pinna is pulled up and back.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the core question: it asks for the specific tool used to examine the ear.
- Next, analyze the provided image. Recognize it as a medical scope. Identify its key features: a handle, a head with a lens, and a cone-shaped tip (speculum).
- Break down the medical terms in the options by their prefixes. 'Oto-' relates to the ear, 'ophthalmo-' to the eye, 'laryngo-' to the larynx, and 'procto-' to the rectum.
- Connect the prefix 'oto-' with the question's subject, 'ear'. This strongly suggests 'Otoscope' is the correct answer.
- Confirm this by matching the function of an otoscope (examining the ear) with the question.
- Eliminate the other options based on their prefixes, as they relate to different body parts.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Identification and use of common medical diagnostic instruments.
- Stem keywords: equipment, examination, ear
- Lead-in keywords: Which
- Negative lead-in flag: false
Question ID
Q6WkS14z1xwGKVhz2ILvpw
Reference Book
E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 3 p. 83-85
E6 Nursing Fundamentals Taylor p. 380-382
E6 Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics(2024) — Volume 2 p. 1789-1791
Practise the full AIIMS Patna NO - 2020
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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