The viral hemorrhagic disease caused by virus and transmitted by infected mosquito bite is -

Appeared in: UPPSC 2023

Explanation

Yellow fever is caused by the Yellow fever virus, a member of the Flavivirus family, satisfying the 'viral' criterion.
The disease is characterized by a severe form that includes high fever, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), and significant bleeding (hemorrhage), fulfilling the 'hemorrhagic' criterion.
The primary mode of transmission to humans is through the bite of infected mosquitoes, mainly the Aedes aegypti species, which meets the 'mosquito bite' criterion.

Option A: Typhus is a bacterial infection caused by Rickettsia species, not a viral disease.
Option C: Plague is a bacterial infection caused by Yersinia pestis and is typically transmitted by fleas, not mosquitoes.
Option D: Filariasis is caused by a parasitic worm (nematode), not a virus. While it is transmitted by mosquitoes, the causative agent is incorrect.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Identification of vector-borne viral hemorrhagic diseases helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
Assessing a patient's travel history is a critical nursing function, as diseases like Yellow Fever are endemic to specific regions of Africa and South America.
Nurses play a key role in educating patients about preventive measures, especially vaccination, before travel to endemic areas. The Yellow Fever vaccine is highly effective and often mandatory for entry into certain countries.
Supportive care is the cornerstone of management for viral hemorrhagic fevers. Nurses must be vigilant in monitoring for signs of dehydration, shock, and bleeding, and initiating interventions promptly.

How to Approach the Question

First, break down the question into its core components: 1) It must be a viral disease, 2) It must be hemorrhagic (cause bleeding), and 3) It must be transmitted by mosquitoes.
Evaluate Option A (Typhus): Recall or identify that Typhus is bacterial. This eliminates it.
Evaluate Option C (Plague): Recall or identify that Plague is bacterial and spread by fleas. This eliminates it.
Evaluate Option D (Filariasis): Recall or identify that it is caused by a parasite (worm), not a virus. Although it's spread by mosquitoes, it fails the 'viral' criterion. This eliminates it.
Evaluate Option B (Yellow fever): This is a known viral disease, it has a hemorrhagic form, and it is transmitted by mosquitoes. It matches all three criteria.
Conclude that Yellow fever is the only option that satisfies all conditions stated in the question.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics(2024) — Volume 1 p. 2079-2081

E6 Comprehensive Textbook of Community Health Nursing for BSc Nursing Students Part 2 — Subpart A (pp 1-275 of 550) p. 93-95

Practise the full UPPSC 2023

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.