The name of the surgery in which there is removal of duodenum, head of pancreas, gallbladder and bile ducts i… - AIIMS Patna NO - 2020

AIIMS Patna NO - 2020

Medical Surgical Nursing

Easy

Appeared in: AIIMS Patna NO - 2020

Explanation

Pancreatoduodenectomy is the correct medical term for the surgical procedure described in the question.
This procedure, also known as the Whipple procedure, involves the removal of the head of the pancreas, the duodenum, the gallbladder, and the common bile duct.
It is a complex operation primarily performed for cancers located in the head of the pancreas or the surrounding area.
The procedure requires a significant reconstruction of the digestive tract to allow for the passage of food, bile, and digestive enzymes.

Option A: Appendectomy is the surgical removal of the appendix, a small organ attached to the large intestine.
Option B: Lumpectomy is the surgical removal of a lump, most commonly a cancerous tumor from the breast. It is a form of breast-conserving surgery.
Option C: Discectomy is a type of spinal surgery where a damaged portion of a herniated disc in the spine is removed to relieve pressure on a nerve.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Surgical Terminology and Procedures as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nurses caring for a post-Whipple procedure patient must be vigilant in monitoring for major complications such as pancreatic fistula (leakage), hemorrhage, delayed gastric emptying, and infection.
Patient education is a critical nursing responsibility, focusing on lifelong dietary modifications, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy to aid digestion, and the management of potential new-onset diabetes.
What if? If the cancer was located in the tail of the pancreas instead of the head, the surgical procedure would likely be a distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy, which is a different and generally less complex operation that does not involve removing the duodenum or bile duct.

How to Approach the Question

First, carefully read the question to identify the key information: the action (surgical removal) and the specific organs involved (duodenum, head of pancreas, gallbladder, bile ducts).
Next, examine each option and try to decipher the medical terminology. Break down the words into their roots (e.g., 'pancreato-' for pancreas, '-ectomy' for removal).
Systematically compare the procedure described in the question with the definition of each surgical term provided in the options.
Eliminate the options that clearly refer to different body parts or procedures, such as Appendectomy (appendix), Lumpectomy (breast lump), and Discectomy (spinal disc).
Select the option, Pancreatoduodenectomy, that accurately combines the removal of the pancreas ('pancreato-') and the duodenum ('duoden-') along with the associated structures mentioned.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Surgical Terminology and Procedures
Stem keywords: surgery, removal, duodenum, head of pancreas, gallbladder, bile ducts
Lead-in keywords: name of the surgery
Negative lead-in flag: false

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