KPSC Staff Nurse - 2018
Nursing Research & Statistics
Medium
The best way to represent the following data is:
Out of 100 factory workers – 18 are smokers and 82 are non-smokers.
Appeared in: KPSC Staff Nurse - 2018
Explanation
- The data provided (18 smokers and 82 non-smokers out of 100) represents categorical data that are parts of a whole.
- A pie chart is the ideal graphical method for illustrating the proportional distribution of categories within a total dataset.
- The entire circle represents the total population (100 workers), and the slices visually represent the percentage of each category (18% and 82%).
- This method provides an immediate, intuitive understanding of the relative size of each group compared to the total.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: A line diagram is used to display data that changes continuously over a period of time, such as tracking a patient's heart rate over several hours.
- Option B: A histogram is used to represent the frequency distribution of continuous data, such as the ages or blood pressure measurements of a group of patients.
- Option D: While a bar chart can compare the absolute numbers of smokers and non-smokers, it is less effective than a pie chart at emphasizing the proportional relationship of each group to the total population.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Methods of data representation for categorical data as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- In nursing research and public health, selecting the correct chart is vital for clearly communicating findings, such as patient demographics, prevalence of risk factors (like smoking), or patient satisfaction survey results.
- A nurse manager might use a pie chart to present the breakdown of the nursing staff by qualification (e.g., GNM, BSc, MSc) to the hospital administration.
- What if? If the goal was to track the number of smokers and non-smokers in the factory each year for the past decade, a grouped or stacked bar chart would be a better choice to visualize the changes and trends over time.
How to Approach the Question
- First, analyze the type of data presented. The data consists of two distinct categories (smokers and non-smokers) that make up a total population (100 workers). This is categorical data representing a part-to-whole relationship.
- Next, consider the primary purpose of each graphical representation offered in the options.
- A line diagram is for showing trends over time. This does not fit the static data.
- A histogram is for showing the frequency distribution of continuous data. This also does not fit.
- A bar chart is used for comparing the values of different discrete categories. This is a possibility.
- A pie chart is specifically designed to show the proportion of each category relative to a total.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Methods of data representation for categorical data
- Stem keywords: represent data, factory workers, smokers, non-smokers
- Lead-in keywords: best way
Question ID
Qo7KxOEFM4W9m5_2g7Lj2q
Reference Book
E6 NursingResearch Suresh Sharma 5e Part 2 p. 126-128
E6 Comprehensive Textbook of Community Health Nursing for BSc Nursing Students Part 2 — Subpart B (pp 276-535 of 550) p. 23-25
Practise the full KPSC Staff Nurse - 2018
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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