RRB Nsg. Superintendent-20 July 2019 (Shift-2)
Pharmacology
Easy
Disulfiram is a drug used in treatment of
Appeared in: RRB Nsg. Superintendent-20 July 2019 (Shift-2)
Explanation
- Disulfiram is an FDA-approved medication used as an aversion therapy for chronic alcohol use disorder.
- It functions by inhibiting the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase, which is critical for the metabolism of alcohol.
- This inhibition leads to the accumulation of acetaldehyde if alcohol is consumed, causing a highly unpleasant and severe physical reaction known as the Disulfiram-Alcohol Reaction (DER).
- The fear of experiencing the DER serves as a powerful deterrent to help patients maintain abstinence from alcohol.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option B: Malaria is a parasitic infection caused by Plasmodium species.
- Option C: AIDS is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
- Option D: Mania is a state of abnormally elevated mood and energy, often associated with bipolar disorder.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: Knowing Pharmacotherapy for Alcohol Dependence helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
- Patient education is a paramount nursing responsibility. Nurses must extensively teach patients to identify and avoid all sources of 'hidden' alcohol, such as in mouthwash, cough syrups, certain foods, and even topical products like aftershave, to prevent accidental and potentially dangerous reactions.
- A critical safety check for nurses is to confirm the patient's last alcohol intake. Disulfiram must not be administered until at least 12 hours of complete abstinence is verified to prevent iatrogenically inducing the Disulfiram-Alcohol Reaction.
- Advise patients to carry a medical alert card or wear a bracelet indicating they are taking Disulfiram. This is crucial for emergency responders to know in case the patient is found unconscious or unable to communicate.
How to Approach the Question
- This is a factual recall question from pharmacology, testing your knowledge of a specific drug's indication.
- First, identify the drug name in the question stem: 'Disulfiram'.
- Next, access your knowledge base about this drug. Disulfiram is a classic medication taught in the context of substance abuse treatment.
- Recall its primary mechanism and therapeutic use. Disulfiram is known for causing a severe negative reaction to alcohol, making it an aversion therapy.
- Evaluate the given options. 'Alcoholism' directly aligns with the primary, FDA-approved use of Disulfiram.
- Briefly confirm the other options are incorrect. Malaria, AIDS, and Mania are distinct medical conditions treated with entirely different classes of medications (antimalarials, antiretrovirals, and mood stabilizers, respectively).
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Pharmacotherapy for Alcohol Dependence
- Stem keywords: Disulfiram, drug, treatment
- Lead-in keywords: used in
- Negative lead-in flag: false
Question ID
QTBE7e15nV3Os84XBEyJ1U
Reference Book
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) p. 10933-10935
E6 Kaplan Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry-2022 (pp 1-3768 of 3768) p. 2183-2185
Practise the full RRB Nsg. Superintendent-20 July 2019 (Shift-2)
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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