Compression to ventilation ratio in adults with two rescuers is?

Appeared in: JODHPUR AIIMS SNO-2018

Explanation

The American Heart Association (AHA) recommends a universal compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2 for single or multiple rescuers performing CPR on an adult.
This standard simplifies CPR protocols and emphasizes the critical importance of high-quality chest compressions.
The goal is to maximize circulation and oxygen delivery to the brain and heart by minimizing interruptions to chest compressions.

Option A: This option incorrectly reverses the numbers of the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio.
Option C: This ratio is not for adults. It is specifically for two-rescuer CPR on children and infants.
Option D: This is not a standard recommended ratio for CPR in any age group according to current AHA guidelines.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain CPR compression-to-ventilation ratio for adults with two rescuers as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
For adult victims of cardiac arrest, high-quality chest compressions are the most critical component of CPR. Maintaining a 30:2 ratio minimizes pauses for ventilation, thereby maximizing blood flow to the brain and heart.
In a two-rescuer scenario, one person performs compressions while the other manages the airway and gives breaths. They should switch roles every 2 minutes (or 5 cycles) to prevent fatigue and maintain the quality of compressions.
What if the victim was a 5-year-old child? In that case, with two rescuers, the ratio would change to 15:2 to provide more frequent breaths, as cardiac arrest in children is more commonly caused by respiratory issues.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key elements of the question: 'compression to ventilation ratio', 'adults', and 'two rescuers'.
Recall the standard CPR guidelines from the American Heart Association (AHA).
Remember that for adults, the guideline is simplified to a universal ratio of 30:2, regardless of the number of rescuers.
Differentiate this from the pediatric guidelines, where the ratio changes to 15:2 for two rescuers.
Select the option that matches the adult guideline.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: CPR compression-to-ventilation ratio for adults with two rescuers
Stem keywords: Compression to ventilation ratio, adults, two rescuers
Lead-in keywords: is

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E6 Ghai Essential Pediatrics(pp 26-904 of 913) p. 763-765

E6 Nursing Brunner Adult Health 3SA Vol 1 Part 3 p. 45-47

E6 Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics(2024) — Volume 1 p. 610-612

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