AIIMS Nagpur NO- 2020
Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Easy
Before the placenta functions the corpus luteum is the primary source of synthesis of which of the following hormones:
Appeared in: AIIMS Nagpur NO- 2020
Explanation
- The corpus luteum, a temporary endocrine structure in the ovary, is the main producer of estrogen and progesterone in early pregnancy.
- This production is stimulated by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a hormone released by the developing embryo after implantation.
- Progesterone is essential for maintaining the uterine lining (endometrium) and preventing uterine contractions, thus sustaining the early pregnancy.
- Estrogen supports the growth of the uterus and development of mammary glands.
- This process continues until the placenta is mature enough to take over hormone production, an event known as the luteal-placental shift, which occurs around 8-12 weeks of gestation.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex, and thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. Neither is synthesized by the corpus luteum.
- Option C: T4 (Thyroxine) is a thyroid hormone, and TSH (Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone) is produced by the anterior pituitary gland to stimulate the thyroid. They are not products of the corpus luteum.
- Option D: LH (Luteinizing Hormone) and FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) are gonadotropins produced by the anterior pituitary gland. While LH is responsible for the formation and initial maintenance of the corpus luteum after ovulation, the corpus luteum itself does not produce LH or FSH.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Hormonal function of the corpus luteum in early pregnancy as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Understanding the role of the corpus luteum is critical in managing early pregnancy complications. A 'luteal phase defect,' where the corpus luteum doesn't produce enough progesterone, can lead to early pregnancy loss.
- In such cases, or in pregnancies achieved through assisted reproductive technology (ART), nurses may administer progesterone supplements (vaginally, orally, or by injection) to support the uterine lining until the placenta takes over.
- Monitoring hCG levels is a key nursing role in early pregnancy. A slow rise or a fall in hCG can indicate a failing corpus luteum, an ectopic pregnancy, or an impending miscarriage.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the key terms in the question: 'corpus luteum' and 'before the placenta functions'. This sets the context to early pregnancy.
- Recall the sequence of events after fertilization: the fertilized egg implants and the developing trophoblast produces hCG.
- Remember the function of hCG: it 'rescues' the corpus luteum, stimulating it to continue hormone production.
- Identify the specific hormones produced by the corpus luteum under hCG stimulation. These are primarily progesterone and, to a lesser extent, estrogen.
- Evaluate the options based on this knowledge. Eliminate options containing hormones from other glands like the adrenal (cortisol), thyroid (T4, TSH), or pituitary (LH, FSH).
- Select the option that correctly lists the hormones produced by the corpus luteum: Estrogen and progesterone.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Hormonal function of the corpus luteum in early pregnancy.
- Stem keywords: corpus luteum, placenta, primary source, synthesis, hormones
- Lead-in keywords: which of the following
- Clinical cues: Timeframe: Before the placenta functions
Question ID
QBm27V9ykfNqyr_4VpRAOv
Reference Book
E6 Medicine Harrison 22e Part 2 p. 1032-1034
E6 Gynecology Williams p. 352-421
Practise the full AIIMS Nagpur NO- 2020
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
More Endocrinology in Relation to Reproduction Questions
- Which hormone is responsible for performing placental function during first 8-10 weeks of pregnancy?
- HCG secreted by?
- In the event of a successful conception, which hormone is primarily responsible for 'rescuing' the corpus luteum to maintain progesterone production?
- A hormone that prevents menstruation and maintains pregnancy by sustaining the function of the corpus luteum is?
- Chief source of progesterone during pregnancy is?
- Hormone responsible for ovulation is?
- Hormone responsible for ovum maturation?
- Placenta secretes all the following hormones, EXCEPT?
- Which of the following hormones is not produced by placenta?
- Which of the following Hormone does not cross the Placenta?
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