Wilm's tumour affects which of the following?

Appeared in: RRB Staff Nurse Kolkata-2015

Explanation

Wilms' tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, is the most common primary malignant renal (kidney) tumor of childhood.
It originates from immature kidney cells that are part of fetal development, which explains its prevalence in young children.
The tumor typically forms a large, asymptomatic mass in the abdomen, affecting one or occasionally both kidneys.

Option A: The liver is not the primary site for Wilms' tumor.
Option C: The uterus is part of the female reproductive system and is not affected by Wilms' tumor.
Option D: The skin is not affected by Wilms' tumor, which is an internal, solid organ tumor.

Visual 1: Diagram: Anatomical illustration showing a large, encapsulated tumor (Wilms' tumor) on one of the kidneys in a child's abdomen. This helps visualize the location and scale of the tumor.
Visual 2: Infographic: Key signs and nursing alerts for Wilms' tumor, highlighting the 'DO NOT PALPATE' warning sign with a clear icon.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Pathophysiology and organ of origin for Wilms' tumor as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
The most critical nursing intervention is to avoid palpating the abdomen of a child with a suspected or confirmed Wilms' tumor. This prevents potential rupture of the tumor capsule, which can lead to the spread of cancer cells into the abdomen (metastasis). A warning sign should be posted at the bedside.
Nurses play a key role in post-operative care after nephrectomy (surgical removal of the kidney), including monitoring blood pressure, urine output, and signs of infection, and educating the family on protecting the remaining kidney.
What if? If a child with a known Wilms' tumor suddenly develops severe abdominal pain, hypotension, and an expanding abdominal girth, the nurse should suspect tumor rupture and initiate emergency protocols, as this is a life-threatening complication requiring immediate surgical intervention.

How to Approach the Question

This is a factual recall question. Identify the core term in the question: 'Wilms' tumour'.
Access your knowledge of pediatric oncology. Recall the definition and location of common childhood cancers.
Recognize that Wilms' tumor is also known as nephroblastoma. The prefix 'nephro-' refers to the kidney.
Evaluate the options. 'Kidney' directly corresponds to 'nephro-'. The other organs (Liver, Uterus, Skin) are associated with different types of tumors.
Select the option that correctly identifies the organ affected by Wilms' tumor.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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