Which vaccine protects against Congenital Rubella Syndrome?

MP CHO -2019 (Shift-2)

Applied Microbiology & Infection control

Easy

Appeared in: MP CHO -2019 (Shift-2)

Explanation

the MR vaccine because it contains the live attenuated Rubella virus component.
The 'R' in MR stands for Rubella. Vaccination with a Rubella-Containing Vaccine (RCV) is the most effective method to prevent Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS).
The vaccine works by inducing immunity to the rubella virus in the mother, which prevents her from getting infected during pregnancy and passing the virus to the fetus.
CRS is a constellation of birth defects that occurs when a pregnant woman is infected with the rubella virus, especially during the first trimester.

Option A: The standalone Measles vaccine only provides immunity against the measles virus (rubeola), not the rubella virus (German measles).
Option B: The DPT vaccine protects against three bacterial diseases: Diphtheria, Pertussis (whooping cough), and Tetanus. It offers no protection against viral infections like rubella.
Option D: T7 is not a standard vaccine abbreviation, but it most likely refers to the Tetanus Toxoid (TT) vaccine. This vaccine protects only against tetanus, which is caused by a bacterium (Clostridium tetani).

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Vaccine-preventable diseases, specifically the prevention of Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
A key nursing role is educating women of childbearing age about their rubella immunity status and the importance of vaccination before pregnancy.
Nurses must advise women to avoid pregnancy for at least one month after receiving a rubella-containing vaccine due to the theoretical risk to the fetus from the live virus.
What if? If a pregnant woman with unknown immunity is exposed to rubella, a nurse's first action is to facilitate serological testing (for IgM and IgG antibodies) to determine her susceptibility and whether an acute infection has occurred. Management depends on the gestational age and test results.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core of the question: it asks for the specific vaccine that prevents 'Congenital Rubella Syndrome'.
Break down the term 'Congenital Rubella Syndrome'. The key word is 'Rubella'. The vaccine must protect against the Rubella virus.
Analyze the options by looking for a vaccine that includes a 'Rubella' component.
Option A, 'Measles', is a different virus.
Option B, 'DPT', stands for Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus - all different diseases.
Option C, 'MR', stands for Measles and Rubella. This option directly addresses the 'Rubella' part of the syndrome.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Vaccine-preventable diseases, specifically the prevention of Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS).
Stem keywords: vaccine, protects, Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Lead-in keywords: Which

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