Which of the following vaccinations is given through the intra-dermal route?

Appeared in: DSSSB -28 August 2019 (Shift-2)

Explanation

The BCG vaccine is specifically designed for intradermal administration.
This route is chosen because it elicits an optimal cell-mediated immune response, which is crucial for protection against tuberculosis.
The injection is given into the dermis of the left upper arm, creating a characteristic wheal.
A permanent scar usually develops at the site weeks later, which serves as a visual confirmation of successful vaccination.

Option B: The Japanese Encephalitis (JE) vaccine is not given intradermally. Its route depends on the vaccine type.
Option C: The Hepatitis B vaccine is administered intramuscularly to ensure it is absorbed properly and stimulates a strong immune response.
Option D: The Measles vaccine (often given as MMR) is administered via the subcutaneous route.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Vaccine Administration Routes as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Using the correct administration route is critical for vaccine efficacy and patient safety. An incorrect route can lead to a reduced immune response or increased local reactions.
For BCG, the intradermal route is essential. Accidental subcutaneous injection can lead to complications like a local abscess (BCG-oma) or regional lymphadenitis (swelling of lymph nodes in the armpit).
Nurses must be proficient in all injection techniques and double-check the prescribed route for every vaccine administered as part of the standard 'five rights' of medication administration.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key term in the question: 'intra-dermal route'. This is the central concept being tested.
Next, systematically review each option and recall the standard administration route for that specific vaccine.
Recall that BCG is the classic example of a vaccine given intradermally to produce a wheal and scar.
Eliminate the other options by recalling their routes: Measles (Subcutaneous), Hepatitis B (Intramuscular), and Japanese Encephalitis (Subcutaneous or Intramuscular).
Confirm your choice. BCG is the only vaccine on the list administered via the intradermal route.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart C (pp 404-604 of 604) p. 127-129

E6 Text Book Of Pediatric Nursing 3rd Panchali Pal — Part 1 (pp 36-238 of 713) p. 54-56

E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart B (pp 202-403 of 604) p. 67-69

Practise the full DSSSB -28 August 2019 (Shift-2)

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.