KPSC Staff Nurse - 2018
Medical & Surgical Nursing
Easy
Which of the following tests is used to detect blood cancer?
Appeared in: KPSC Staff Nurse - 2018
Explanation
- Bone marrow biopsy is the primary procedure for diagnosing cancers of the blood and bone marrow, such as leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma.
- The procedure involves extracting a sample of bone marrow tissue and aspirate to analyze the quantity, quality, and morphology of blood cells being produced.
- It provides crucial information for confirming a diagnosis, classifying the specific type of cancer, and determining its stage, which guides treatment decisions.
- The other listed procedures are used to examine different organ systems and are not relevant for diagnosing primary blood cancers.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option B: Endoscopy is a procedure that uses a flexible tube with a camera to examine the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It is not used to diagnose blood cancers.
- Option C: Colposcopy is a magnified visual examination of the cervix, vagina, and vulva. It has no role in the diagnosis of hematologic malignancies.
- Option D: Colonoscopy is used to visualize the inner lining of the large intestine (colon) and rectum. It is unrelated to the diagnosis of blood cancer.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: Knowing Diagnostic procedures for hematological malignancies helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
- Nurses play a vital role in patient care during a bone marrow biopsy. Responsibilities include patient education, obtaining informed consent, positioning the patient correctly, providing sedation and analgesia as ordered, and offering emotional support.
- Post-procedure nursing care is critical. It involves applying pressure to the site to prevent bleeding, monitoring for signs of hemorrhage or infection, managing pain, and instructing the patient on home care for the biopsy site.
- What if? If a patient scheduled for a bone marrow biopsy has a very low platelet count (severe thrombocytopenia), the procedure carries a higher risk of bleeding. The nurse should ensure recent coagulation studies are available, anticipate the need for a pre-procedure platelet transfusion, and monitor the site with extra vigilance after the procedure.
How to Approach the Question
- First, analyze the question to identify the key concept: the diagnostic test for 'blood cancer'.
- Think about the origin of blood cells. Blood cells are produced in the bone marrow.
- Evaluate each option based on this understanding. A 'bone marrow biopsy' involves examining the site of blood cell production, making it the most logical choice for diagnosing a cancer of the blood.
- Consider the other options. 'Endoscopy' and 'colonoscopy' are related to the gastrointestinal system. 'Colposcopy' is related to the female reproductive system.
- Eliminate the options that examine organ systems unrelated to blood production. This leaves only the most relevant test.
- Confirm your choice: A biopsy of the bone marrow is the definitive method to diagnose hematological malignancies.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Diagnostic procedures for hematological malignancies
- Stem keywords: tests, detect, blood cancer
- Lead-in keywords: Which
Question ID
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Reference Book
E6 Nursing Brunner Adult Health 3SA Vol 1 Part 3 p. 118-120
E6 Pathology-Vandana Puri & Kavita Gaur Textbook of Pathology and Genetics p. 408-410
E6 Medicine Davidson Principles Practice 24e p. 984-986
Practise the full KPSC Staff Nurse - 2018
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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