DSSSB -28 August 2019 (Shift-2)
Psychology
Easy
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of dyslexia?
Appeared in: DSSSB -28 August 2019 (Shift-2)
Explanation
- Attention deficit is the core symptom of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), not dyslexia.
- While dyslexia and ADHD are distinct disorders, they frequently co-occur (comorbidity).
- The presence of attention deficit issues alongside reading difficulties necessitates a differential diagnosis to ensure appropriate support for both conditions if present.
- Dyslexia's primary features stem from a deficit in phonological processing, affecting word recognition, decoding, and spelling.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: Word omission is a common reading error seen in individuals with dyslexia. The difficulty and effort involved in decoding can cause them to skip words or entire lines.
- Option B: Impaired reading comprehension is a frequent secondary consequence of dyslexia. So much mental energy is spent on decoding individual words that it becomes difficult to grasp the overall meaning of the text.
- Option C: Slow, effortful reading is a hallmark and cardinal sign of dyslexia. This lack of reading fluency persists even into adulthood for many individuals with dyslexia.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Differential characteristics of dyslexia versus other neurodevelopmental disorders like ADHD as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Accurate diagnosis is critical for effective intervention. Misattributing reading difficulties solely to inattention (or vice versa) can lead to ineffective support strategies and prolonged academic struggles.
- Nurses, especially in pediatric, school health, or mental health settings, should be aware of the signs of both dyslexia and ADHD to facilitate appropriate referrals for psychoeducational testing.
- What if? If a child with diagnosed dyslexia also shows significant signs of inattention and hyperactivity, they should be evaluated for comorbid ADHD. The treatment plan would then need to address both conditions, potentially involving reading interventions for dyslexia and behavioral therapy/medication for ADHD.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the negative framing of the question with the keyword 'NOT'. This means you are looking for the option that does not belong.
- Next, recall the core definition of dyslexia. It is a specific learning disability related to language, specifically phonological processing, that affects reading and spelling.
- Evaluate each option against this core definition.
- Option A (Word omission), B (Impaired comprehension), and C (Slow speed of reading) are all well-documented difficulties directly related to the struggle of decoding text in dyslexia.
- Option D (Attention deficit) is the primary feature of a different disorder, ADHD. Recognize that while comorbidity is common, it is not a defining characteristic of dyslexia itself.
- Therefore, select 'Attention deficit' as the correct answer because it is the outlier.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Differential characteristics of dyslexia versus other neurodevelopmental disorders like ADHD.
- Stem keywords: dyslexia, characteristic
- Lead-in keywords: NOT
- Negative lead-in flag: Question asks for the exception (NOT a characteristic)
Question ID
Q4HHM_JTXVi1pWLGj0LQF5
Reference Book
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) p. 11872-11874
E6 Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics(2024) — Volume 1 p. 360-362
Practise the full DSSSB -28 August 2019 (Shift-2)
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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