According to Erikson, which of the following stages is seen in adolescents?

Appeared in: JSSH Staff Nurse - 2019

Explanation

According to Erikson's theory, adolescence (ages 12-19) is characterized by the psychosocial crisis of Identity vs. Role Confusion.
The primary task during this stage is for the individual to develop a strong sense of self, personal identity, and a clear understanding of their place in the world.
Adolescents explore different roles, values, and beliefs to form a cohesive identity.
Successful resolution of this stage results in the virtue of fidelity, which is the ability to live by society's standards and expectations.
Failure to form a clear identity leads to role confusion, uncertainty about one's future, and a weak sense of self.

Option A: Trust vs. Mistrust is the first stage of psychosocial development, occurring during infancy (birth to 18 months).
Option B: Initiative vs. Guilt is the third stage, which occurs during the preschool years (ages 3 to 5).
Option C: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt is the second stage, seen in toddlers (ages 18 months to 3 years).

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nurses caring for adolescent patients should recognize their need to establish identity. Providing opportunities for them to make choices about their care can foster a sense of control and autonomy.
Respecting an adolescent's privacy and maintaining confidentiality is crucial for building a trusting nurse-patient relationship.
Encouraging peer group visits (when appropriate) can support the adolescent's social development and sense of belonging, which are key components of identity formation.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key terms in the question: 'Erikson' and 'adolescents'.
This is a factual recall question based on a major developmental theory in psychology and nursing.
Recall or look up Erikson's eight stages of psychosocial development.
Match the age group 'adolescents' (typically 12-18 years) to the corresponding stage in Erikson's theory.
Evaluate the given options to find the stage that matches the adolescent period.
Select 'Identity vs. Role Confusion' as it is the stage Erikson associated with adolescence.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Psychology Baron Misra 5e Part 1 p. 312-314

E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 1 p. 164-166

E6 Nursing Fundamentals Taylor p. 1053-1055

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Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.