Which of the following is a social motive?

Appeared in: KGMU 2024

Explanation

Achievement is a secondary or social motive, which is learned through social interactions and cultural influences.
It is defined as the drive to accomplish difficult tasks, improve performance, and meet a standard of excellence.
Unlike primary motives, the need for achievement is not innate or essential for immediate biological survival but is important for psychological development.

Option A: Hunger is a primary, physiological motive, not a social one. It is an innate biological drive essential for survival.
Option B: Thirst is a primary, physiological motive driven by the body's need to maintain fluid balance. It is biological, not social.
Option C: Pain avoidance is a primary, physiological motive. It is a fundamental survival instinct to protect the body from harm.

Visual 1: Diagram: A chart comparing Primary (Biological) Motives (e.g., hunger, thirst) with Secondary (Social) Motives (e.g., achievement, power, affiliation).
Visual 2: Infographic: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, illustrating how physiological needs form the base, followed by safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization (which includes achievement).

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Classification of Human Motives (Primary vs. Social) as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
In nursing care, it's crucial to address a patient's primary physiological needs first. A patient in severe pain (a primary motive) will not be receptive to health education or therapy aimed at long-term goals (secondary motives).
Understanding social motives helps nurses provide holistic care. Recognizing a patient's need for achievement can be used to motivate them in their recovery, for example, by setting and celebrating small, achievable rehabilitation goals.
What if? If a patient is well-nourished, hydrated, and their pain is managed, a nurse can then focus on their social and psychological needs. For a patient recovering from a stroke, the nurse can appeal to their need for achievement by framing physiotherapy as a challenge to regain independence, thereby increasing motivation and adherence.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key concept in the question, which is 'social motive'.
Recall the main classifications of human motives: Primary (innate, biological) and Secondary (learned, social).
Analyze each option to determine if it's a basic survival need or a learned psychological desire.
Categorize 'Hunger,' 'Thirst,' and 'Pain avoidance' as primary motives because they are essential for biological survival.
Recognize that 'Achievement' is a desire for success and excellence, which is learned from one's social environment.
Conclude that 'Achievement' is the only social motive among the given options.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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