Uttarakhand CHO - 2021
Mental Health Nursing
Easy
Which disease is characterized by eating a large amount of food and then self-induced vomiting?
Appeared in: Uttarakhand CHO - 2021
Explanation
- Bulimia Nervosa is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating, which involves consuming an unusually large amount of food in a short period with a sense of lack of control.
- Following the binge, the individual engages in inappropriate compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain.
- Self-induced vomiting is the most common compensatory behavior described in the question, making Bulimia Nervosa the correct diagnosis.
- Unlike Anorexia Nervosa, individuals with Bulimia Nervosa are typically of normal weight or are overweight.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option B: Anorexia Nervosa's primary feature is severe calorie restriction leading to a significantly low body weight. While a subtype involves bingeing and purging, the core of the disorder is restriction and an intense fear of gaining weight.
- Option C: Binge Eating Disorder involves recurrent episodes of eating large amounts of food with a sense of lack of control, but it does not involve the regular use of compensatory behaviors like self-induced vomiting.
- Option D: Obesity is a medical condition characterized by excess body fat. It is a state of being, not a behavioral disorder defined by a binge-purge cycle. While it can be associated with Binge Eating Disorder, it is not defined by the act of purging.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: Knowing Characteristics of Eating Disorders helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
- Nurses must be vigilant for subtle signs of Bulimia Nervosa, such as Russell's sign on the hands, dental erosion, or unexplained electrolyte imbalances (especially hypokalemia), as patients often hide their behaviors.
- Management involves a multidisciplinary approach, including psychotherapy (like CBT), nutritional counseling, and sometimes medication (like SSRIs). Monitoring for medical complications like cardiac arrhythmias due to electrolyte disturbances is a critical nursing responsibility.
- What if? If the patient had a significantly low body weight (e.g., BMI less than 17.5) but also engaged in bingeing and vomiting, the diagnosis would shift to Anorexia Nervosa, Binge-eating/purging type. The low weight takes diagnostic precedence.
How to Approach the Question
- First, break down the question into its core components: 1) 'eating a large amount of food' (bingeing) and 2) 'self-induced vomiting' (purging/compensatory behavior).
- Next, evaluate each option against these two components.
- Anorexia Nervosa is primarily about restriction and low weight, so it's a less likely fit.
- Binge Eating Disorder involves the first component (bingeing) but lacks the second (purging).
- Obesity is a weight status, not a behavioral disorder defined by this cycle.
- Bulimia Nervosa is defined by the presence of both bingeing and compensatory behaviors. This perfectly matches the description in the question.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Characteristics of Eating Disorders
- Stem keywords: eating large amount of food, self-induced vomiting
- Lead-in keywords: Which disease
- Negative lead-in flag: false
Question ID
QyZaVKog9h60O45jZ6Nr2i
Reference Book
E6 Kaplan Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry-2022 (pp 1-3768 of 3768) pp. 1496-1498, 1497-1499
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) p. 6929-6931
Practise the full Uttarakhand CHO - 2021
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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