What is the value of the following MS Excel formula? =SUM(3,16/4/2,-4)

Appeared in: AIIMS BBSR SNO - 2019

Explanation

The SUM function in Excel adds all the numbers in a range of cells or a series of specified numbers.
The arguments in the formula are 3, 16/4/2, and -4.
Excel evaluates division operators from left to right. Therefore, 16/4/2 is calculated as (16/4)/2.
First, 16/4 = 4.
Then, 4/2 = 2.
The final calculation is the sum of 3, 2, and -4, which is 3 + 2 - 4 = 1.

Option A: The value 7 is incorrect. This result is obtained if the order of operations for division is misinterpreted. Specifically, if 16/(4/2) is calculated instead of (16/4)/2. This would yield 16/2 = 8, and the sum would be 3 + 8 - 4 = 7.
Option B: The value 6 is an incorrect result, likely due to an arithmetic error during the calculation.
Option D: The value 0 is an incorrect result, likely due to an arithmetic error, such as an off-by-one mistake after correctly calculating the sum as 1.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain This question tests the knowledge of the MS Excel SUM function and the order of operations for mathematical calculations within a formula as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
While this is not a clinical question, proficiency in spreadsheet software like MS Excel is a valuable skill for nurses.
Nurses can use Excel for creating schedules, tracking patient data for quality improvement projects, managing inventory, and conducting research.
Understanding basic formulas and the order of operations is a foundational computing skill that ensures accuracy in any data management task.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the function being used, which is SUM, and understand that it adds its arguments.
Break down the formula into its individual arguments: 3, 16/4/2, and -4.
Focus on evaluating any argument that contains a calculation. Here, it is 16/4/2.
Recall the order of operations (PEMDAS/BODMAS), paying special attention to the rule that operators of the same precedence (like division) are evaluated from left to right.
Calculate 16/4 to get 4. Then, calculate 4/2 to get 2.
Substitute the calculated value back into the SUM function: =SUM(3, 2, -4).

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: This question tests the knowledge of the MS Excel SUM function and the order of operations for mathematical calculations within a formula.
Stem keywords: MS Excel, formula, SUM, value
Lead-in keywords: What is the value
Negative lead-in flag: false

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