The surgical removal of the entire contents of the orbit, including the eye balls and eyelids is ?

RRB Nsg. Superintendent-21 July 2019 (Shift-2nd)

Medical & Surgical Nursing

Easy

Appeared in: RRB Nsg. Superintendent-21 July 2019 (Shift-2nd)

Explanation

Exenteration is defined as the surgical removal of the entire contents of the orbit.
This procedure includes the removal of the eyeball, extraocular muscles, orbital fat, and, as specified in the question, the eyelids.
It is the most extensive type of eye removal surgery, typically performed for life-threatening malignancies that have invaded the orbital space.

Option A: Evisceration is the removal of only the inner contents of the eye, while the scleral shell and extraocular muscles are left intact. This is much less extensive than what is described in the question.
Option B: Enucleation is the removal of the entire eyeball (globe), but it leaves the eyelids and surrounding orbital structures like muscles intact. The question specifies removal of eyelids as well.
Option D: Laser surgery is a therapeutic procedure that uses focused light to treat various eye conditions (e.g., retinal detachment, glaucoma). It is not a procedure for the surgical removal of anatomical structures.

Visual 1: Diagram - A comparative illustration showing the extent of tissue removal in Evisceration, Enucleation, and Exenteration. This helps visualize the key differences between the procedures.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Surgical procedures for eye removal as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Understanding the differences between these surgeries is crucial for nurses to provide appropriate pre-operative education and post-operative care.
Exenteration is a highly disfiguring surgery with significant psychological impact. Nurses must be prepared to offer robust emotional support and facilitate access to counseling and resources for facial prosthetics.
Post-operative care focuses on preventing hemorrhage and infection, managing a large surgical site, and preparing the patient for a long-term adjustment to altered body image.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key terms in the question: 'surgical removal', 'entire contents of the orbit', 'including... eyelids'.
The phrase 'entire contents of the orbit' is the most critical clue, suggesting a very extensive procedure.
The specific inclusion of 'eyelids' further narrows down the possibilities.
Evaluate each option based on its definition: Evisceration (contents only), Enucleation (eyeball only), Exenteration (all contents + eyelids).
Recognize that 'Laser surgery' is a different category of treatment and not a removal procedure of this nature.
Match the most comprehensive definition, Exenteration, with the question's description.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Surgical procedures for eye removal
Stem keywords: surgical removal, entire contents of the orbit, eye balls, eyelids
Lead-in keywords: is
Negative lead-in flag: false

Qd-TJg-w5n231p_MeGBiBX