The name of the nursing diagnosis is linked to the etiology with the phrase?

Appeared in: JODHPUR AIIMS SNO-2018

Explanation

The standard format for a nursing diagnosis connects the problem (diagnostic label) to the cause (etiology) using the phrase 'Related to'.
This structure helps identify the contributing factors that nursing interventions will target.
This format is often referred to as the PES (Problem, Etiology, Signs/Symptoms) structure.
For example: 'Anxiety related to uncertainty about surgical outcome'.

Option A: This phrase links the etiology and problem to the signs and symptoms or defining characteristics (the evidence), not the problem to the etiology.
Option C: Similar to 'as manifested by,' this phrase introduces the objective and subjective data (evidence) that support the diagnosis.
Option D: This phrase implies a direct cause-and-effect relationship, which is often difficult to prove in nursing. 'Related to' is the preferred NANDA-I terminology as it indicates a relationship or connection without claiming direct causation.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Use the key finding related to Formulating Nursing Diagnosis Statements to guide bedside assessment, documentation, and the next nursing action.
Correctly formulating a nursing diagnosis using the 'Problem-Etiology-Symptom' (PES) format is fundamental for accurate care planning and effective communication among the healthcare team.
The etiology ('Related to' part) is crucial because it directs the nursing interventions. If the etiology is wrong, the interventions are likely to be ineffective.
What if? If a nurse documents 'Constipation related to poor diet,' the intervention is dietary teaching. If the actual cause is opioid use ('Constipation related to side effects of opioid medication'), the interventions would be different, such as administering a stool softener or advocating for a medication review.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core of the question: it asks for the link between the nursing diagnosis (problem) and its cause (etiology).
Recall the standard structure for writing nursing diagnoses, often taught as the 'PES' format: Problem, Etiology, and Signs/Symptoms.
Remember the specific connecting phrases for each part: Problem → 'Related to' → Etiology → 'As Evidenced By' → Signs/Symptoms.
Based on this structure, 'Related to' is the correct phrase linking the problem and etiology.
Eliminate the other options: 'As manifested by' and 'Evidenced by' link to symptoms, and 'Due to' is not the standard term.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 2 p. 11-13

E6 Nursing Fundamentals Taylor p. 447-449

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