AIIMS Raipur - 2017 (shift-2)
Medical & Surgical Nursing
Easy
The inability of the left ventricle to fill or pump sufficient blood to meet the needs of the tissues for oxygen and nutrients is?
Appeared in: AIIMS Raipur - 2017 (shift-2)
Explanation
- The question provides the precise definition of left-sided heart failure.
- The left ventricle is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood from the lungs to the rest of the body (systemic circulation).
- When the left ventricle fails, it cannot meet the metabolic demands of the tissues for oxygen and nutrients, leading to symptoms of hypoperfusion and fatigue.
- Simultaneously, blood backs up into the pulmonary circulation, causing respiratory symptoms like dyspnea and crackles.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: Decompensated heart failure refers to an acute exacerbation or worsening of chronic heart failure symptoms, not the underlying type of failure based on the affected ventricle.
- Option B: Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a broad term describing a state of fluid overload caused by heart failure. The question asks for the specific type of ventricular failure, making 'Left ventricular failure' a more precise answer.
- Option D: Right ventricular failure involves the right ventricle's inability to pump blood to the lungs, leading to a backup of blood in the systemic venous system (e.g., peripheral edema, JVD). The question describes failure to pump to the body's tissues.
Related Visual
- Visual 1: Diagram - A flowchart comparing the pathophysiology of left-sided versus right-sided heart failure. It should show the left ventricle failing, leading to decreased cardiac output to the body and backup into the lungs. It should contrast this with the right ventricle failing, leading to backup into the systemic circulation (veins, liver, legs).
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: Knowing Pathophysiology of Left Ventricular Heart Failure helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
- Nurses must be able to differentiate between left and right-sided heart failure as the signs and symptoms, and immediate interventions, differ.
- For a patient with suspected left ventricular failure, the priority nursing assessment includes listening to lung sounds for crackles, monitoring oxygen saturation (SpO2), and assessing for dyspnea and orthopnea.
- Key nursing interventions for acute left-sided heart failure include placing the patient in a high-Fowler's position to ease breathing, administering supplemental oxygen as prescribed, and preparing to administer diuretics to reduce fluid overload.
How to Approach the Question
- First, analyze the question stem to identify the core definition. The key phrases are 'left ventricle' and 'inability to pump sufficient blood to meet the needs of the tissues'.
- Recognize that this describes the primary function of the left ventricle: systemic circulation.
- Evaluate each option based on this definition.
- Option A, 'Decompensated heart failure', describes a state of worsening, not a type.
- Option B, 'Congestive heart failure', is a general term for fluid overload and is less specific.
- Option D, 'Right ventricular failure', describes failure to pump to the lungs, which is the opposite of the stem's description.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Pathophysiology of Left Ventricular Heart Failure
- Stem keywords: left ventricle, pump sufficient blood, needs of the tissues, oxygen and nutrients
- Lead-in keywords: is
Question ID
QCGQd8Ek7BwOY-LLpM4mBt
Practise the full AIIMS Raipur - 2017 (shift-2)
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
More Cardiovascular, Circulatory, and Hematologic Function Questions
- A patient was brought to ED with complaint of chest pain from last 1 hour. Which test is done to detect myocardial infarction?
- A patient is undergoing blood transfusion and suddenly shows complaints of transfusion reaction. What will be the priority nursing intervention?
- Normal hemoglobin level in adult is:
- The following all are blood transfusion complications from; EXCEPT:
- Symptoms of acute blood loss are:
- An obstruction of blood flowing from the left atrium into the left ventricle is known as:
- 'Sequestration crisis' is related to:
- Which is the most common HIV related malignancy?
- Calculate the pulse pressure from the below image of cardiac monitor:
- Identify the use of following machine used in pneumatic compression device:
More AIIMS Raipur - 2017 (shift-2) Questions
- The tumor of the hyaline cartilage is called?
- The refractive error caused by the difference in the curvature of the cornea and lens is called?
- Find the correctly spelled word?
- The following are the data collection techniques used in the community assessment, EXCEPT?
- A clinical entity where the process of abortion has started but has not progressed to a state from which recovery is impossible is?
- Which among the following can be seen in a partial mole?
- The serological reaction, which sensitizes bacteria for phagocytosis is called?
- The following are the causes of separation of a normally situated placenta, EXCEPT?
- The congenital anomaly of the hand, in which there is persistence of the webbing between adjacent digits of the hands, so that they are attached to e…
- Identify the WRONG statement from the following?