Statement: A large number of people die every year due to drinking polluted water during the summer course of action

I - The government should make adequate arrangements to provide safe drinking water to all its citizen

II - The people should be educated about the dangers of drinking polluted water.

Appeared in: RML Lucknow - 2021

Explanation

The statement presents a severe problem (a large number of deaths) that requires a comprehensive solution.
Course of Action I addresses the problem at its source by proposing a systemic, long-term solution: providing safe drinking water. This is a practical and direct way to solve the issue.
Course of Action II addresses the human behavior aspect. Educating people about the dangers is crucial for them to make informed choices and adopt safe practices, which is a necessary supplement to infrastructure improvements.
Since both actions are practical, address different facets of the problem, and work together to achieve the desired outcome, both are considered valid courses of action.

Option A: This is insufficient. Even if the government provides safe water, people might continue to use contaminated sources due to habit, lack of awareness, or convenience. Education is needed to ensure the safe water supply is utilized properly.
Option B: This is also insufficient on its own. Educating people about dangers is futile if they have no alternative and are forced to drink polluted water due to a lack of safe sources. Action requires a viable alternative.
Option C: This option suggests the actions are mutually exclusive or that only one is needed. However, the problem is complex and requires both infrastructure (Action I) and behavioral change (Action II) to be solved effectively. They are complementary, not alternative, solutions.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Logical Reasoning: Course of Action as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
This reasoning is central to community health nursing, where interventions are often multi-pronged, combining infrastructure, policy, and health education.
Community Health Nurses play a key role in Action II, designing and implementing health education programs about water safety, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH).
This approach mirrors successful public health campaigns like polio eradication, which combined mass vaccination (a systemic intervention) with extensive public awareness campaigns (education).

How to Approach the Question

Step 1: Carefully read the statement and identify the core problem. Here, the problem is deaths caused by drinking polluted water in summer.
Step 2: Analyze each course of action independently. Ask yourself: 'Is this a logical and practical step to solve or mitigate the identified problem?'
Step 3: Evaluate Course of Action I. Providing safe water directly addresses the cause of the problem. It is a valid action.
Step 4: Evaluate Course of Action II. Educating people helps prevent them from drinking polluted water. It is also a valid action.
Step 5: Determine the relationship between the valid actions. Are they alternatives ('either/or') or are they complementary ('both')? In this case, providing water and educating people are complementary actions that reinforce each other.
Step 6: Choose the option that reflects this relationship. Since both actions are logical and work together for a complete solution, 'Both I and II follows' is the correct choice.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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Practise the full RML Lucknow - 2021

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.