One of the following is bone of lower limb:

IGNOU PB Bsc Entrance-2022

Applied Anatomy

Easy

Appeared in: IGNOU PB Bsc Entrance-2022

Explanation

The femur, or thigh bone, is the main bone of the upper leg and a core component of the lower limb.
It articulates with the hip bone (acetabulum) proximally and the tibia and patella distally to form the hip and knee joints, respectively.
The femur is distinguished as the longest, strongest, and heaviest bone in the human body.
The other options listed (Scapula, Metacarpals, Radius) are all bones of the upper limb or pectoral girdle.

Option B: The Scapula, or shoulder blade, is part of the pectoral girdle, which connects the upper limb to the axial skeleton. It is not part of the lower limb.
Option C: The Metacarpals are the bones of the hand, situated between the wrist (carpals) and fingers (phalanges). They are part of the upper limb.
Option D: The Radius is one of the two bones of the forearm (the other being the ulna). It is part of the upper limb.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Anatomy of the appendicular skeleton, specifically the identification of bones belonging to the lower limb as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Femur fractures are serious injuries, often resulting from high-impact trauma. They can lead to significant blood loss (up to 1-1.5 liters) and complications like fat embolism syndrome, a life-threatening condition where fat globules enter the bloodstream.
Nurses play a critical role in managing patients with femur fractures by monitoring for signs of shock, assessing neurovascular status of the affected limb, managing pain, and preventing complications like deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pressure ulcers.
What if the question asked for the bone that bears the most weight in the leg (below the knee)? The answer would be the Tibia (shin bone), which is the larger of the two leg bones and is responsible for transmitting body weight from the femur to the foot.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core requirement of the question, which is to find a 'bone of the lower limb'.
Systematically review each option provided.
Recall the basic anatomical classification of the appendicular skeleton into upper and lower limbs.
Evaluate Option A (Femur): The femur is the thigh bone. The thigh is part of the lower limb. This is a potential correct answer.
Evaluate Option B (Scapula): The scapula is the shoulder blade. The shoulder is part of the upper body's support structure for the arm. This is incorrect.
Evaluate Option C (Metacarpals): These are hand bones. The hand is part of the upper limb. This is incorrect.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Anatomy of the appendicular skeleton, specifically the identification of bones belonging to the lower limb.
Stem keywords: bone, lower limb
Lead-in keywords: One of the following is
Negative lead-in flag: false

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E6 Anatomy BDChaurasia V2 10e Part 1 pp. 26-28, 36-38

E6 Anatomy Applied Ashalatha 4e p. 494-496