Identify the instrument being applied by the nurse?& x20; - AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018

AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018

Fundamental of Nursing

Easy

Appeared in: AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018

Explanation

The device shown in the image, with its inflatable sleeve, tubing, and connection to a pump (implied), is correctly identified as a Pneumatic Sequential Compression Device (SCD).
SCDs are specifically designed to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) by applying intermittent, sequential pressure to the limbs.
This pressure enhances venous blood flow and stimulates the body's natural muscle-pumping action, which is crucial for immobile or post-operative patients.
The name 'sequential' refers to the fact that the chambers within the sleeve inflate in a sequence, typically from the ankle upwards, to effectively push blood toward the heart.

Option B: While an SCD is a type of pneumatic garment, 'Pneumatic garments' is a very general term. The device shown is a specific type used for DVT prophylaxis. The term 'Pneumatic Sequential Compression Device' is more precise and accurate.
Option C: A cast is a hard, rigid shell made of plaster or fiberglass. Its purpose is to immobilize a fractured bone to allow it to heal. The device in the image is soft, inflatable, and connected by tubes, which is inconsistent with a cast.
Option D: A warm blanket is used for patient comfort and to maintain body temperature. It does not have the mechanical components like inflatable sleeves, tubes, or a pump seen in the image.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Identification and purpose of a Pneumatic Sequential Compression Device (SCD) helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
Nurses are responsible for the correct application, operation, and monitoring of SCDs. Improper fit can lead to skin breakdown or nerve damage, while failure to use it can increase DVT risk.
Patient education is vital. The nurse must explain the purpose of the device (to prevent blood clots) and instruct the patient to call for assistance before getting out of bed so the sleeves can be removed.
What if? If a patient develops signs of a DVT (e.g., unilateral leg swelling, pain, redness, warmth) while on an SCD, the nurse should stop the device on the affected leg immediately and notify the healthcare provider. Continuing compression on a limb with an existing clot could cause it to dislodge and travel to the lungs (pulmonary embolism).

How to Approach the Question

First, carefully analyze the image provided. Identify the key features of the object: it's a sleeve-like device, it's being wrapped around a patient's leg, and it has tubes attached.
Consider the function implied by these features. The tubes suggest that air or fluid is pumped into the device, pointing towards a pneumatic (air-powered) function.
Evaluate each option against your visual analysis. 'Pneumatic Sequential Compression Device' perfectly matches the appearance and implied function.
Eliminate the other options by comparing them to the image. A 'cast' is rigid and solid. A 'warm blanket' is a simple covering with no tubes. 'Pneumatic garments' is a possible but less specific answer.
Select the most precise and accurate term that describes the device shown. In this case, 'Pneumatic Sequential Compression Device' is the best fit.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Identification and purpose of a Pneumatic Sequential Compression Device (SCD)
Stem keywords: instrument, nurse, applying
Lead-in keywords: Identify
Clinical cues: The image shows a sleeve with tubing being applied to a patient's leg, which is a visual cue for a pneumatic device.

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E6 Nursing Fundamentals Taylor p. 332-334

E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 4 p. 150-152