AIIMS Delhi NO - 2017
Medical & Surgical Nursing
Easy
Identify the following image?
Appeared in: AIIMS Delhi NO - 2017
Explanation
- The device shown in the image is an incentive spirometer, specifically a flow-oriented type.
- It is designed to encourage patients to take slow, deep breaths, which is critical for lung expansion.
- The key features visible are the mouthpiece, connecting tube, and a clear chamber with three colored balls that act as visual indicators of inspiratory effort.
- This device is commonly used in postoperative settings to prevent respiratory complications such as atelectasis.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option B: A steam inhaler produces warm water vapor to soothe irritated airways and loosen mucus. It does not measure inspiratory volume or involve balls rising in a chamber.
- Option C: A nebulizer is a drug delivery device that converts liquid medication into a mist for patients to inhale. It has a medication cup and is powered by a compressor; it does not use balls to provide feedback on breathing.
- Option D: A compression machine, or sequential compression device (SCD), uses inflatable sleeves to apply pressure to the limbs. Its purpose is to prevent blood clots (DVT) and has no function related to the respiratory system.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Identification of common respiratory therapy equipment as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Nurses play a vital role in patient education regarding the use of incentive spirometers, ensuring they use the device correctly and frequently (e.g., 10-15 breaths every 1-2 hours while awake) to prevent postoperative atelectasis and pneumonia.
- Proper use involves a slow, sustained maximal inspiration, not a forceful or rapid one. The nurse must observe the patient's technique and provide corrective feedback.
- What if? If a patient consistently exhales into the device instead of inhaling, the balls will not rise, and the therapeutic goal of lung expansion will not be met. The nurse must re-educate the patient on the correct 'sucking' or 'sipping' motion required for inhalation.
How to Approach the Question
- First, carefully analyze the image to identify the key components of the device shown. Note the mouthpiece, the clear chamber, and the three colored balls inside.
- Next, recall the function of common medical devices. The purpose of this device is to provide a visual 'incentive' for breathing, which points to its identity.
- Correlate the visual features with the names of the devices listed in the options. The device is clearly a spirometer used for incentive exercises.
- Eliminate the other options by considering their functions: a steam inhaler produces vapor, a nebulizer aerosolizes medicine, and a compression machine is for limbs, not lungs.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Identification of common respiratory therapy equipment.
- Stem keywords: Identify, image
- Lead-in keywords: Identify
- Clinical cues: The device has three balls in separate chambers, which is characteristic of a flow-oriented incentive spirometer.
Question ID
QIX_QSIpL7ImZiHX8e3bbs
Reference Book
E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 4 p. 254-255
Practise the full AIIMS Delhi NO - 2017
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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